Access to essential paediatric surgery in the developing world: A case of imperforate anus with rectovaginal and rectocutaneous fistulas left untreated

Anorectal malformations consist of a wide spectrum of conditions which can affect both sexes and involve the distal anus and rectum as well as the urinary and genital tracts. Patients have the best chance of a good functional outcome if the condition is diagnosed early and efficient anatomic repair is promptly instituted. This report describes a rare case of imperforate anus associated with both rectovaginal and rectocutaneous fistulas in a 6-year-old Filipino girl. The case highlights shortcomings in the healthcare delivery system combined with socio-economic factors that contributed to the delay in both diagnosis and the institution of adequate treatment. Care and preventive measures that can be implemented in low-resource settings to reduce the impact of birth defects are also discussed.