Abstract
Informal milk marketing chains provide the major milk supply link from
smallholder dairy production systems to consumers in developing countries. Prevalence risk of antibiotic residues was investigated in milk samples (n = 528) collected from different levels of informal supply chains in Pakistan from 2012–2013. After screening, all positive samples were further analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography to quantify individual β-lactam residues. Fifteen percent of the total samples were found to be positive for at least one of the antibiotics. All positive samples (81/528) were positive for amoxicillin. Percentage of positive samples for ampicillin and penicillin was 12.1 and 6.4% respectively. Percentages of positive samples collected from farmers, small collectors, large collectors and retailers were 17.5, 15.1, 8.3 and 13.5 respectively. When relating to season of collection 11.3, 10.2, 19.1, 17.9 and 16.3% of samples in autumn, monsoon, spring, summer and winter were found positive. Concentrations of amoxicillin, ampicillin and penicillin in positive samples were 79.5 ± 12.15, 106.6 ± 12.49 and 13.7 ± 4.2μ,gkg-1 respectively. Occurrence of these high levels of drug residues demand mass awareness programs associated with the implementation oflegislation and its enforcement designed to protect the consumer.
smallholder dairy production systems to consumers in developing countries. Prevalence risk of antibiotic residues was investigated in milk samples (n = 528) collected from different levels of informal supply chains in Pakistan from 2012–2013. After screening, all positive samples were further analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography to quantify individual β-lactam residues. Fifteen percent of the total samples were found to be positive for at least one of the antibiotics. All positive samples (81/528) were positive for amoxicillin. Percentage of positive samples for ampicillin and penicillin was 12.1 and 6.4% respectively. Percentages of positive samples collected from farmers, small collectors, large collectors and retailers were 17.5, 15.1, 8.3 and 13.5 respectively. When relating to season of collection 11.3, 10.2, 19.1, 17.9 and 16.3% of samples in autumn, monsoon, spring, summer and winter were found positive. Concentrations of amoxicillin, ampicillin and penicillin in positive samples were 79.5 ± 12.15, 106.6 ± 12.49 and 13.7 ± 4.2μ,gkg-1 respectively. Occurrence of these high levels of drug residues demand mass awareness programs associated with the implementation oflegislation and its enforcement designed to protect the consumer.
Original language | English |
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Title of host publication | Statistics for data science and policy analysis |
Editors | Azizur Rahman |
Place of Publication | Singapore |
Publisher | Springer |
Chapter | 10 |
Pages | 129-142 |
Number of pages | 14 |
ISBN (Electronic) | 9789811517358 |
ISBN (Print) | 9789811517341 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 01 Apr 2020 |
Event | The 2nd Applied Statistics and Policy Analysis Conference: ASPAC2019 - Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, Australia Duration: 05 Sept 2019 → 06 Sept 2019 http://csusap.csu.edu.au/~azrahman/ASPAC2019/ http://csusap.csu.edu.au/~azrahman/ASPAC2019/Program%20draft.pdf?attredirects=0&d=1 (program) http://csusap.csu.edu.au/~azrahman/ASPAC2019/ASPAC2019_Refereed_Book%20of%20Abstracts.pdf?attredirects=0&d=1 (book of abstracts) https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/CSUAU/detail.action?docID=6152166 (proceedings) |
Conference
Conference | The 2nd Applied Statistics and Policy Analysis Conference |
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Abbreviated title | Effective policy through the use of big data, accurate estimates and modern computing tools and statistical modelling |
Country/Territory | Australia |
City | Wagga Wagga |
Period | 05/09/19 → 06/09/19 |
Other | Proceedings due for publication May 2020 https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9789811517341 |
Internet address |
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