Antibiotic resistance pattern of Salmonella Typhi and Salmonella Paratyphi clinical isolates from Dhaka, Bangladesh: A retrospective study

Nazia Rahman, Nazmul Hasan Rajib, Md Ismail Hossen, Prasanta Kumar Biswas, Farhana Khanam, John D. Clemens, Firdausi Qadri

Research output: Other contribution to conferenceAbstractpeer-review

Abstract

Background: Enteric fever caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi and Paratyphi is still an important public health problem in developing countries including Bangladesh. The changing trend of antibiotic susceptibility of Salmonella Typhi and Paratyphi and emergence of multi-drug resistance has increased which is turning into a public health emergency due to improper use of antibiotics. The aim of this analysis was to determine the prevalence and susceptibility profile of Salmonella enteric (serotype Typhi and Paratyphi A). Methods: In this study, laboratory-based blood culture technique depicts an overview of total 11 antibiotics. The study was carried out in Mirpur, Dhaka, Bangladesh from February 2018 to December 2021. Results: A total of 18,664 blood samples were obtained from patients with suspected enteric fever. Among them 1000 (5.4%) were S.Typhi and 204 (1.1%) were S.Paratyphi A. Patients were divided in three age groups. The highest antimicrobial susceptibility to S.Typhi and S.Paratyphi A was observed for cefixime (100%) and ceftriaxone (100%). The new generation antibiotics gentamicin and meropenem were showed 99.6% and 99.8% sensitivity for S.Typhi respectively.100% sensitivity was also found in S. Paratyphi A for both gentamicin and meropenem. The maximum resistance was observed in nalidixic acid (91.5% in S.Typhi and 98.5% in S.Paratyphi A) for all age groups. The macrolide (azithromycin) was also found 98.5% sensitive for S.Typhi and 87.7% for S. Paratyphi A. Moreover, 16.0% cases of MDR typhoid were found in this study. The highest MDR (19.8%) was seen in children less than 5 years of age. Conclusions: Carbapenem type beta lactum (meropenem), aminoglycoside (gentamicin) and third generation cephalosporins (cefixime and ceftriaxone) were the most effective drugs for typhoid fever. The multidrug resistance typhoid is also a subject of concern. These findings are essential for a full description of the pathogens, their susceptibility to antibiotics and the selection of the best drugs for treating typhoid fever. Hence antibiotic susceptibility tests should be considered for appropriate therapy to prevent further emergence of drug resistance in Bangladesh.
Original languageEnglish
Pages2
Number of pages155
Publication statusPublished - 2023
Event13th International Conference on Typhoid and Other Invasive Salmonelloses 2023 - Kigali Marriott Hotel, Kigali, Rwanda
Duration: 05 Dec 202307 Dec 2023
https://www.coalitionagainsttyphoid.org/13th-conference-resources/
https://www.coalitionagainsttyphoid.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/CaT2023_Program.pdf (Program and abstracts)

Conference

Conference13th International Conference on Typhoid and Other Invasive Salmonelloses 2023
Abbreviated titleCatalysing Change: The Urgency of Expanding Impact-Driven Solutions
Country/TerritoryRwanda
CityKigali
Period05/12/2307/12/23
OtherThe International Conference on Typhoid and Other Invasive Salmonelloses brings together researchers, policymakers and advocates to invigorate and coordinate the global response to typhoid and other invasive salmonelloses by:

Advancing the knowledge base through disseminating new data on typhoid and other invasive salmonelloses epidemiology in endemic countries
Sharing and promoting best practices and strategies in the implementation of prevention and control methods for typhoid and other invasive salmonelloses
Catalyzing the uptake and roll-out of the typhoid conjugate vaccine (TCV)
Equipping participants with tools to contribute to national, regional and global advocacy efforts in the fight against typhoid and other invasive salmonelloses
Fostering partnerships across sectors and regions to strengthen prevention and control efforts for typhoid and other invasive salmonelloses
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