Can baryonic halos form early in cosmic history?

Observational evidence points to the formation of super-massive black holes and galactic halos much earlier in cosmic history than expected (1). However, if photon scattering cross sections were less, it becomes possible for baryonic halos to form at earlier times, and relax tensions that exist with Lambda Cold Dark Matter (LCDM) theory. Furthermore, recent quantum calculations (2-5) have shown that photon-baryon interaction cross sections in deep gravity wells can indeed be significantly less than those theoretically calculated for traditional localized particles. If reduced baryon-photon interaction cross sections are combined with Carr’s prediction (6) of the formation of black holes by direct collapse of over-density regions during phase transitions in the primordial universe, it becomes possible to formulate a scenario in which baryonic halos form very early in cosmic history. Carr’s primordial black hole mass spectrum formulation, calculated for the last phase transition (t = 1 s), leads to an order-of-magnitude, supermassive primordial black hole (SMPBH) number density consistent with that of present day galaxy number densities, suggesting these as the origin of galactic centre black holes. Such early formed SMPBHs, combined with reduced baryon-photon oscillation, provide wells of sufficient depth to enable baryonic halos (and ultimately their descendent galaxies) to form much earlier in cosmic history, yet potentially maintain consistency with cosmic microwave background observations and primordial nucleosynthesis. In addition, this scenario enables an understanding of the black hole-bulge/black hole-dark halo relations, provides a unified model relating globular clusters, dwarf spheroidal galaxies and bulges, and enables prediction of the dark to visible matter ratio based on the physical parameters of a halo. The physics of reduced cross sections in deep gravity wells and the scenario of early halo formation will be presented and discussed. (1) Xue- Bing Wu et al, (2015). Nature, 518,512-515 doi: 10.1038/nature14241 (2) Ernest, A. D., 2006, in Proceedings of the EPS-13 Conference, Eds: A.M. Cruise, L. Ouwehand. ESA-SP 637 (3) Ernest A. D., 2009, J. Phys. A: Math. Theor. 42 115207, 115208 (4) Ernest A. D, 2012, in Advances in Quantum Theory, Ion I. Cotaescu, Ed. ISBN: 978-953-51-0087-4, InTech, Rijeka., 221-248 (5) Ernest A. D., and Collins, M.P., 2015, Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union, 11, pp 298-299. doi:10.1017/S1743921315006894 (6) Carr B. J., 1975. ApJ., 201, pp. 1-19. doi: 10.1086/153853