Abstract
Importance The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2019 (GBD 2019) provided systematic estimates of incidence, morbidity, and mortality to inform local and international efforts toward reducing cancer burden.
Objective To estimate cancer burden and trends globally for 204 countries and territories and by Sociodemographic Index (SDI) quintiles from 2010 to 2019.
Evidence Review The GBD 2019 estimation methods were used to describe cancer incidence, mortality, years lived with disability, years of life lost, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) in 2019 and over the past decade. Estimates are also provided by quintiles of the SDI, a composite measure of educational attainment, income per capita, and total fertility rate for those younger than 25 years. Estimates include 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs).
Findings In 2019, there were an estimated 23.6 million (95% UI, 22.2-24.9 million) new cancer cases (17.2 million when excluding nonmelanoma skin cancer) and 10.0 million (95% UI, 9.36-10.6 million) cancer deaths globally, with an estimated 250 million (235-264 million) DALYs due to cancer. Since 2010, these represented a 26.3% (95% UI, 20.3%-32.3%) increase in new cases, a 20.9% (95% UI, 14.2%-27.6%) increase in deaths, and a 16.0% (95% UI, 9.3%-22.8%) increase in DALYs. Among 22 groups of diseases and injuries in the GBD 2019 study, cancer was second only to cardiovascular diseases for the number of deaths, years of life lost, and DALYs globally in 2019. Cancer burden differed across SDI quintiles. The proportion of years lived with disability that contributed to DALYs increased with SDI, ranging from 1.4% (1.1%-1.8%) in the low SDI quintile to 5.7% (4.2%-7.1%) in the high SDI quintile. While the high SDI quintile had the highest number of new cases in 2019, the middle SDI quintile had the highest number of cancer deaths and DALYs. From 2010 to 2019, the largest percentage increase in the numbers of cases and deaths occurred in the low and low-middle SDI quintiles.
Conclusions and Relevance The results of this systematic analysis suggest that the global burden of cancer is substantial and growing, with burden differing by SDI. These results provide comprehensive and comparable estimates that can potentially inform efforts toward equitable cancer control around the world.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 420-444 |
| Number of pages | 25 |
| Journal | JAMA Oncology |
| Volume | 8 |
| Issue number | 3 |
| Early online date | 30 Dec 2021 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 01 Mar 2022 |
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In: JAMA Oncology, Vol. 8, No. 3, 01.03.2022, p. 420-444.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
TY - JOUR
T1 - Cancer incidence, mortality, years of life lost, years lived with disability, and disability-adjusted life years for 29 cancer groups from 2010 to 2019 a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
AU - Global Burden of Disease 2019 Cancer Collaboration
AU - Kocarnik, Jonathan M.
AU - Compton, Kelly
AU - Dean, Frances E.
AU - Fu, Weijia
AU - Gaw, Brian L.
AU - Harvey, James D.
AU - Henrikson, Hannah Jacqueline
AU - Lu, Dan
AU - Pennini, Alyssa
AU - Xu, Rixing
AU - Ababneh, Emad
AU - Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen
AU - Abbastabar, Hedayat
AU - Abd-Elsalam, Sherief M.
AU - Abdoli, Amir
AU - Abedi, Aidin
AU - Abidi, Hassan
AU - Abolhassani, Hassan
AU - Adedeji, Isaac Akinkunmi
AU - Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah
AU - Advani, Shailesh M.
AU - Afzal, Muhammad Sohail
AU - Aghaali, Mohammad
AU - Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku
AU - Ahmad, Sajjad
AU - Ahmad, Tauseef
AU - Ahmadi, Ali
AU - Ahmadi, Sepideh
AU - Ahmed Rashid, Tarik
AU - Ahmed Salih, Yusra
AU - Akalu, Gizachew Taddesse
AU - Aklilu, Addis
AU - Akram, Tayyaba
AU - Akunna, Chisom Joyqueenet
AU - Al Hamad, Hanadi
AU - Alahdab, Fares
AU - Al-Aly, Ziyad
AU - Ali, Saqib
AU - Alimohamadi, Yousef
AU - Alipour, Vahid
AU - Aljunid, Syed Mohamed
AU - Alkhayyat, Motasem
AU - Almasi-Hashiani, Amir
AU - Almasri, Nihad A.
AU - Al-Maweri, Sadeq Ali Ali
AU - Almustanyir, Sami
AU - Alonso, Nivaldo
AU - Alvis-Guzman, Nelson
AU - Amu, Hubert
AU - Anbesu, Etsay Woldu
AU - Ancuceanu, Robert
AU - Ansari, Fereshteh
AU - Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza
AU - Antwi, Maxwell Hubert
AU - Anvari, Davood
AU - Anyasodor, Anayochukwu Edward
AU - Aqeel, Muhammad
AU - Arabloo, Jalal
AU - Arab-Zozani, Morteza
AU - Aremu, Olatunde
AU - Ariffin, Hany
AU - Aripov, Timur
AU - Arshad, Muhammad
AU - Artaman, Al
AU - Arulappan, Judie
AU - Asemi, Zatollah
AU - Asghari Jafarabadi, Mohammad
AU - Ashraf, Tahira
AU - Atorkey, Prince
AU - Aujayeb, Avinash
AU - Ausloos, Marcel
AU - Awedew, Atalel Fentahun
AU - Ayala Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina
AU - Ayenew, Temesgen
AU - Azab, Mohammed A.
AU - Azadnajafabad, Sina
AU - Azari Jafari, Amirhossein
AU - Azarian, Ghasem
AU - Azzam, Ahmed Y.
AU - Badiye, Ashish D.
AU - Bahadory, Saeed
AU - Baig, Atif Amin
AU - Baker, Jennifer L.
AU - Balakrishnan, Senthilkumar
AU - Banach, Maciej
AU - Bärnighausen, Till Winfried
AU - Barone-Adesi, Francesco
AU - Barra, Fabio
AU - Barrow, Amadou
AU - Behzadifar, Masoud
AU - Belgaumi, Uzma Iqbal
AU - Bezabhe, Woldesellassie M.Mequanint
AU - Bezabih, Yihienew Mequanint
AU - Bhagat, Devidas S.
AU - Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth
AU - Bhardwaj, Nikha
AU - Bhardwaj, Pankaj
AU - Bhaskar, Sonu
AU - Bhattacharyya, Krittika
AU - Bhojaraja, Vijayalakshmi S.
AU - Bibi, Sadia
AU - Bijani, Ali
AU - Biondi, Antonio
AU - Bisignano, Catherine
AU - Bjorge, Tone
AU - Bleyer, Archie
AU - Blyuss, Oleg
AU - Bolarinwa, Obasanjo Afolabi
AU - Bolla, Srinivasa Rao
AU - Braithwaite, Dejana
AU - Brar, Amanpreet
AU - Brenner, Hermann
AU - Bustamante-Teixeira, Maria Teresa
AU - Butt, Nadeem Shafique
AU - Butt, Zahid A.
AU - Caetano dos Santos, Florentino Luciano
AU - Cao, Yin
AU - Carreras, Giulia
AU - Catalá-López, Ferrán
AU - Cembranel, Francieli
AU - Cerin, Ester
AU - Cernigliaro, Achille
AU - Chakinala, Raja Chandra
AU - Chattu, Soosanna Kumary
AU - Chattu, Vijay Kumar
AU - Chaturvedi, Pankaj
AU - Chimed-Ochir, Odgerel
AU - Cho, Daniel Youngwhan
AU - Christopher, Devasahayam J.
AU - Chu, Dinh Toi
AU - Chung, Michael T.
AU - Conde, Joao
AU - Cortés, Sanda
AU - Cortesi, Paolo Angelo
AU - Costa, Vera Marisa
AU - Cunha, Amanda Ramos
AU - Dadras, Omid
AU - Dagnew, Amare Belachew
AU - Dahlawi, Saad M.A.
AU - Dai, Xiaochen
AU - Dandona, Lalit
AU - Dandona, Rakhi
AU - Darwesh, Aso Mohammad
AU - das Neves, José
AU - De la Hoz, Fernando Pio
AU - Demis, Asmamaw Bizuneh
AU - Denova-Gutiérrez, Edgar
AU - Dhamnetiya, Deepak
AU - Dhimal, Mandira Lamichhane
AU - Dhimal, Meghnath
AU - Dianatinasab, Mostafa
AU - Diaz, Daniel
AU - Djalalinia, Shirin
AU - Do, Huyen Phuc
AU - Doaei, Saeid
AU - Dorostkar, Fariba
AU - dos Santos Figueiredo, Francisco Winter
AU - Driscoll, Tim Robert
AU - Ebrahimi, Hedyeh
AU - Eftekharzadeh, Sahar
AU - El Tantawi, Maha
AU - El-Abid, Hassan
AU - Elbarazi, Iffat
AU - Elhabashy, Hala Rashad
AU - Elhadi, Muhammed
AU - El-Jaafary, Shaimaa I.
AU - Eshrati, Babak
AU - Eskandarieh, Sharareh
AU - Esmaeilzadeh, Firooz
AU - Etemadi, Arash
AU - Ezzikouri, Sayeh
AU - Faisaluddin, Mohammed
AU - Faraon, Emerito Jose A.
AU - Fares, Jawad
AU - Farzadfar, Farshad
AU - Feroze, Abdullah Hamid
AU - Ferrero, Simone
AU - Ferro Desideri, Lorenzo
AU - Filip, Irina
AU - Fischer, Florian
AU - Fisher, James L.
AU - Foroutan, Masoud
AU - Fukumoto, Takeshi
AU - Gaal, Peter Andras
AU - Gad, Mohamed M.
AU - Gadanya, Muktar A.
AU - Gallus, Silvano
AU - Gaspar Fonseca, Mariana
AU - Getachew Obsa, Abera
AU - Ghafourifard, Mansour
AU - Ghashghaee, Ahmad
AU - Ghith, Nermin
AU - Gholamalizadeh, Maryam
AU - Gilani, Syed Amir
AU - Ginindza, Themba G.
AU - Gizaw, Abraham Tamirat T.
AU - Glasbey, James C.
AU - Golechha, Mahaveer
AU - Goleij, Pouya
AU - Gomez, Ricardo Santiago
AU - Gopalani, Sameer Vali
AU - Gorini, Giuseppe
AU - Goudarzi, Houman
AU - Grosso, Giuseppe
AU - Gubari, Mohammed Ibrahim Mohialdeen
AU - Guerra, Maximiliano Ribeiro
AU - Guha, Avirup
AU - Gunasekera, D. Sanjeeva
AU - Gupta, Bhawna
AU - Gupta, Veer Bala
AU - Gupta, Vivek Kumar
AU - Gutiérrez, Reyna Alma
AU - Hafezi-Nejad, Nima
AU - Haider, Mohammad Rifat
AU - Haj-Mirzaian, Arvin
AU - Halwani, Rabih
AU - Hamadeh, Randah R.
AU - Hameed, Sajid
AU - Hamidi, Samer
AU - Hanif, Asif
AU - Haque, Shafiul
AU - Harlianto, Netanja I.
AU - Haro, Josep Maria
AU - Hasaballah, Ahmed I.
AU - Hassanipour, Soheil
AU - Hay, Roderick J.
AU - Hay, Simon I.
AU - Hayat, Khezar
AU - Heidari, Golnaz
AU - Heidari, Mohammad
AU - Herrera-Serna, Brenda Yuliana
AU - Herteliu, Claudiu
AU - Hezam, Kamal
AU - Holla, Ramesh
AU - Hossain, Md Mahbub
AU - Hossain, Mohammad Bellal Hossain
AU - Hosseini, Mohammad Salar
AU - Hosseini, Mostafa
AU - Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi
AU - Hostiuc, Mihaela
AU - Hostiuc, Sorin
AU - Househ, Mowafa
AU - Hsairi, Mohamed
AU - Huang, Junjie
AU - Hugo, Fernando N.
AU - Hussain, Rabia
AU - Hussein, Nawfal R.
AU - Hwang, Bing Fang
AU - Iavicoli, Ivo
AU - Ibitoye, Segun Emmanuel
N1 - Funding Information: reports royalties or licenses from Springer Publishing, Germany; consulting fees from Slack Publishing, and expert testimony with Bradley Drendel & Jeanney outside the submitted work. Dr Braithwaite reports research support from the National Institutes of Health/National Cancer Institute. Dr Catalá-López reports board service with the International Agency for Research on Cancer outside the submitted work. Dr Chaturvedi reports grants from the National Institutes of Health and government of India outside the submitted work. Dr Cortés reports research support from the Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases and Centro de Desarrollo Urbano Sustentable (Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Chile. Dr Driscoll reports expert testimony in 2019 and board membership with the Expert Advisory Group of the Australian Mesothelioma Registry outside the submitted work. Dr El-Jaafary reports service on the steering committee of the Movement Disorder Society Young Members group. Dr Grosso reports research support from the University of Catania Osservatorio Epidemiologico Regionale and University of Catania and grants from the Italian Ministry of Health outside the submitted work. Dr Guha reports grants from the the American Heart Association. Dr Gunasekera reports service as an assistant secretary for Sri Lanka College of Oncology outside the submitted work. Dr Gupta reports grants from the National Health and Medical Research Council, Australia outside the submitted work. Dr Haider reports research support from Ohio University and board service for the American Public Health Association outside the submitted work. Dr Herteliu reports grants from the Romanian National Authority for Scientific Research and Innovation and Ministry of Labour and Social Justice, Romania outside the submitted work. Dr Hugo reports research support from CAPES Higher Education Improvement Coordination Brazil. Dr Kahrizi reports research support, grants, royalties/ licenses, consulting fees, honoraria, expert testimony, patents (planned, issued, or pending), board service, and stock and stock options from Razi University outside the submitted work. Dr G. Khan reports membership with the UAE Ministry of Health National Immunization Task Advisory Group. Dr Koul reports research support from Sheri Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences. Dr La Vecchia reports grants or contracts from Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro outside the submitted work. Dr Miller reports grants from AB InBev Foundation outside the submitted work. Dr Odukoya reports grants from the National Institutes of Health. Dr Pana reports grants from the Romanian National Authority for Scientific Research and Innovation outside the submitted word. Dr Panagiotakos reports research support from the Hellenic Cardiology Society and Hellenic Atherosclerosis Society. Dr Sanabria reports research support from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, patents with their institution and board service for the Department and Surgical Services Lines outside the submitted work. Dr Silva reports research support from Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior–Brasil and CNPq. Dr Straif reports board service with the Collegium Ramazzini and ISEE Europe Chapter as an elected member and nonfinancial support from the International Agency for Research on Cancer outside the submitted work. Dr Volovici reports personal fees from JAMA Network Open. Dr Yazie reports research support from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, American Lebanese Syrian Associated Charities, and St. Baldrick’s Foundation. Dr Younis reports research support from Jackson State University. No other disclosures were reported. Funding Information: The Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation received funding from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and the American Lebanese Syrian Associated Charities. Dr Aljunid acknowledges the Department of Health Policy and Management of Kuwait University and the International Centre for Casemix and Clinical Coding, National University of Malaysia for the approval and support to participate in this research project. Dr Bhaskar acknowledges institutional support from the NSW Ministry of Health and NSW Health Pathology. Dr B?rnighausen was supported by the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation through the Alexander von Humboldt Professor award, which is funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research. Dr Braithwaite acknowledges funding from the National Institutes of Health/ National Cancer Institute. Dr Conde acknowledges financial support from the European Research Council ERC Starting Grant agreement No 848325. Dr Costa acknowledges her grant (SFRH/ BHD/110001/2015), received by Portuguese national funds through Funda??o para a Ci?ncia e Tecnologia, IP under the Norma Transit?ria grant DL57/2016/CP1334/CT0006. Dr Ghith acknowledges support from a grant from Novo Nordisk Foundation (NNF16OC0021856). Dr Glasbey is supported by a National Institute of Health Research Doctoral Research Fellowship. Dr Vivek Kumar Gupta acknowledges funding support from National Health and Medical Research Council Australia. Dr Haque thanks Jazan University, Saudi Arabia for providing access to the Saudi Digital Library for this research study. Drs Herteliu, Pana, and Ausloos are partially supported by a grant of the Romanian National Authority for Scientific Research and Innovation, CNDS-UEFISCDI, project number PN-III-P4-ID-PCCF-2016-0084. Dr Hugo received support from the Higher Education Improvement Coordination of the Brazilian Ministry of Education for a sabbatical period at the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, between September 2019 and August 2020. Dr Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam acknowledges funding by a National Heart Foundation of Australia Fellowship and National Health and Medical Research Council Emerging Leadership Fellowship. Dr Jakovljevic acknowledges support through grant OI 175014 of the Ministry of Education Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia. Dr Katikireddi acknowledges funding from a NHS Research Scotland Senior Clinical Fellowship (SCAF/15/02), the Medical Research Council (MC_UU_00022/2), and the Scottish Government Chief Scientist Office (SPHSU17). Dr Md Nuruzzaman Khan acknowledges the support of Jatiya Kabi Kazi Nazrul Islam University, Bangladesh. Dr Yun Jin Kim was supported by the Research Management Centre, Xiamen University Malaysia (XMUMRF/2020-C6/ITCM/0004). Dr Koulmane Laxminarayana acknowledges institutional support from Manipal Academy of Higher Education. Dr Landires is a member of the Sistema Nacional de Investigaci?n, which is supported by Panama?s Secretar?a Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnolog?a e Innovaci?n. Dr Loureiro was supported by national funds through Funda??o para a Ci?ncia e Tecnologia under the Scientific Employment Stimulus?Institutional Call (CEECINST/ 00049/2018). Dr Molokhia is supported by the National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Center at Guy?s and St Thomas? National Health Service Foundation Trust and King?s College London. Dr Moosavi appreciates NIGEB's support. Dr Pati acknowledges support from the SIAN Institute, Association for Biodiversity Conservation & Research. Dr Rakovac acknowledges a grant from the government of the Russian Federation in the context of World Health Organization Noncommunicable Diseases Office. Dr Samy was supported by a fellowship from the Egyptian Fulbright Mission Program. Dr Sheikh acknowledges support from Health Data Research UK. Drs Adithi Shetty and Unnikrishnan acknowledge support given by Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education. Dr Pavanchand H. Shetty acknowledges Manipal Academy of Higher Education for their research support. Dr Diego Augusto Santos Silva was financed in part by the Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - Brasil Finance Code 001 and is supported in part by CNPq (302028/2018-8). Dr Zhu acknowledges the Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas grant RP210042. Funding Information: Catholic University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland (Kavetskyy); Drohobych Ivan Franko State Pedagogical University, Drohobych, Ukraine (Kavetskyy); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Gondar, Gondar, Faroe Islands (Kebede); School of Science and Technology, University of Georgia, Tbilisi, Georgia (Keshavarz); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, New Hospitals LTD, Tbilisi, Georgia (Keshavarz); Students Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (Keykhaei); Department of Public Health, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan (Khader); Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry, Baku State University, Baku, Azerbaijan (Khalilov); Russian Institute for Advanced Study, Moscow State Pedagogical University, Moscow, Russia (Khalilov); Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates (G. Khan); Epidemiology Department, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia (M. Khan); Department of Population Science, Jatiya Kabi Kazi Nazrul Islam University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh (M. N. Khan); Family Medicine Department, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates (M. A. B. Khan); Primary Care Department, NHS North West London, London, England (M. A. B. Khan); Department of Health Policy and Management, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea (Khang); Institute of Health Policy and Management, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea (Khang); National Hepatology and Tropical Medicine Research Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt (Khater); Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (Khayamzadeh); The Iranian Academy of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (Khayamzadeh); Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea (G. R. Kim, Eun-Cheol Park); School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiamen University Malaysia, Sepang, Malaysia (Y. J. Kim); School of Health Sciences, Kristiania University College, Oslo, Norway (A. Kisa); Department of Global Community Health and Behavioral Sciences, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana (A. Kisa); Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway (S. Kisa); Department of Health Economics and Social Security, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland (Kissimova-Skarbek); School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (Kopec); Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond, British Columbia, Canada (Kopec); Microbiology & Molecular Cell Biology Department, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk (Koteeswaran); Department of Internal and Pulmonary Medicine, Sheri Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, India (Koul); Kasturba Medical College, Udupi, India (Koulmane Laxminarayana); Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health Network, San Juan de Dios Sanitary Park, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain (Koyanagi); Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies, Barcelona, Spain (Koyanagi); Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey (Kucuk Bicer); University of Environment and Sustainable Development, Somanya, Ghana (Kugbey); Department of Orthopaedics, Medanta Hospital, Lucknow, India (Narinder Kumar); Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, England (Kurmi); Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (Kurmi); Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey (Kutluk); Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy (La Vecchia); Department of Community and Family Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq (Lami); Unit of Genetics and Public Health, Institute of Medical Sciences, Las Tablas, Panama (Landires); Ministry of Health, Herrera, Panama (Landires); Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy (Lauriola); Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning Lab, Gachon University, Seongnam, South Korea (S. Lee); School of Pharmacy, Monash University, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia (S. W. H. Lee); School of Pharmacy, Taylor's University Lakeside Campus, Subang Jaya, Malaysia (S. W. H. Lee); Office of Health Policy & Legislative Affairs, University of Texas, Galveston (W. Lee); Graduate School of Public Health, Ajou University, Suwon-si, South Korea (Y. H. Lee); Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia (Leigh); Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei (Leong); Department of Medical Oncology, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (J. Li); Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan (M. Li); Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (Liu); Department of Quantitative Health Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (Liu); Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal (Loureiro); School of Health, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, Portugal (Loureiro); Department of General Surgery, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, England (Lunevicius); Department of Surgery, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, England (Lunevicius); Ophthalmology Department, Ministry of Health and Population, Aswan, Egypt (Magdy Abd El Razek); Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, England (Majeed); Mass Communication Department, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates (Makki); Department of Ophthalmology, M M Joshi Eye Institute, Hubli, India (Male); Rabigh Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (Malik); Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia (Martini); Indonesian Public Health Association, Surabaya, Indonesia (Martini); Department of Midwifery, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran (Masoumi); National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bengaluru, India (Mathur); Department of Health Services Research and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, England (McKee); India Cancer Research Consortium, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India (Mehrotra); Peru Country Office, United Nations Population Fund, Lima, Peru (Mendoza); Forensic Medicine Division, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia (Menezes); Department of Reproductive Health and Population Studies, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia (Mengesha); Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Menoufia University Faculty of Medicine, Shebin El-Kom, Egypt (Mesregah); Clinical Microbiology and Parasitology Unit, Polyclinic “Dr. Zora Profozic”, Zagreb, Croatia (Mestrovic); University Centre Funding Information: reported grants from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and American Lebanese Syrian Associated Charities as well as nonfinancial support from the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation during the conduct of the study. Drs Lu, Xu, Bisignano, Compton, Dean, Fu, Mohammed, and Henrikson reported grants from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation during the conduct of the study. Dr Ancuceanu reported personal fees and nonfinancial support from AbbVie; personal fees from Sandoz and B. Braun; and consulting/speaking fees from UCB, Sandoz, AbbVie, Zentiva, Teva, Laropharm, CEGEDIM, Angelini, B. Braun, Biessen Pharma, Hofigal, AstraZeneca, and Stada. Dr Atorkey received research support from Hunter Medical Research Research Institute. Dr Bhaskar reported grants from the NSW Ministry of Health NSW Brain Clot Bank outside the submitted work and serving on the board of directors for the Rotary Club of Sydney and International Rotary Fellowship of Healthcare Professionals. Dr Conde reported being a cofounder of and shareholder in TargTex S.A. Dr Dai reported grants from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and Bloomberg Philanthropies. Dr Filip reported financial support from Avicenna Medical and Clinical Research Institute. Dr Ghith reported grants from NovoNordisk Foundation outside the submitted work. Dr Haro reported research support from Eli Lilly and Co. Dr J. Islam reported grants from the American Society of Clinical Oncology outside the submitted work. Dr S. Islam reported grants from NHMRC Emerging Leadership Fellowship and the National Heart Foundation of Australia Fellowship and Vanguard Grant outside the submitted work. Dr Ismail reported being a council member of the Malaysian Academy of Pharmacy. Dr Katikireddi reported grants from the Medical Research Council and the Scottish government Chief Scientist Office during the conduct of the study as well as being a member of the steering group for Obesity Action Scotland. Dr Kauppila reported grants from the Finnish Cancer Foundation, Sigrid Juselius Foundation, and Päivikki and Sakari Sohlberg Foundation outside the submitted work. Dr Loureiro reported grants from FCT Scientific and Norte Portugal Regional Operational Programme through the European Regional Development Fund outside the submitted work. Dr Moni reported grants from the University of Queensland during the conduct of the study. Dr Radfar reported financial support from Avicenna Medical and the Clinical Research Institute. Dr Rakovac reported grants from the World Health Organization during the conduct of the study. Dr Saylan reported being an employee of Bayer. Dr Sekerija reported personal fees from Roche and Johnson & Johnson outside the submitted work. Dr Sheikh reported grants from Health Data Research UK outside the submitted work. Dr Singh reported consulting fees from Crealta/Horizon, Navigant, Spherix, MedIQ, Jupiter Life Science, UBM LLC, Trio Health, Medscape, WebMD, Practice Point, National Institutes of Health, American College of Rheumatology, Medisys, Fidia, PK Med, Adept Field Solutions, Two Labs Inc, Clinical Care Options, Clearview Healthcare Partners, Putnam Associates, and Focus Forward; stock options in TPT Global Tech, Vaxart, Atyu, Adaptimmune Therapeutics, GeoVax Labs, Pieris Pharmaceuticals, and Charlotte’s Web Holdings, Inc; nonfinancial support from Outcomes Measures in Rheumatology; service on the US Food and Drug Administration arthritis advisory committee, American College of Rheumatology's annual meeting planning committee and quality of care committees and as chair of the Veterans Affairs Rheumatology Field Advisory Committee and American College of Rheumatology Meet-the-Professor, Workshop and Study Group subcommittee and Criteria and Response Criteria subcommittee (cochair); and being the editor and director of the University of Alabama at Birmingham Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group Satellite Center on Network Meta-analysis. Dr Zhu reported grants from the UTHealth Innovation for Cancer Prevention Research Training Program Predoctoral Fellowship. Dr Force reported grants from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and St. Baldrick’s Foundation, financial support from the National Institutes of Health Loan Repayment Award, and research support from the American Lebanese Syrian Associated Charities. Dr Aujayeb reports grants, honoraria, and personal fees from Rocket Medical PLC outside the submitted work. Dr Ausloos reports grants from the Romanian National Authority for Scientific Research and Innovation outside the submitted work. Dr Bärnighausen reports grants from the European Union, German Research Foundation, National Institutes of Health, German Ministry of Education and Research, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Else-Kröner-Fresenius-Foundation, Wellcome Trust, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, KfW, UNAIDS, and World Health Organization; consulting fees from KfW; board participation in the National Institutes of Health’s Healthy Options study, German National Committee, EDCTP Evaluation, Global Health Hub Germany, and University of Pennsylvania Population Aging Research Center; and service as a member of the UNAIDS Evaluation Expert Advisory Committee, National Institutes of Health Study Section on Population and Public Health Approaches to HIV/ AIDS, and the US National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Committee for the Evaluation of Human Resources for Health in the Republic of Rwanda under the President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief outside the submitted work. Dr Bhagat reports personal fees from Elsevier and Springer outside the submitted work. Dr Bleyer Funding Information: and Evaluation received funding from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and the American Lebanese Syrian Associated Charities. Dr Aljunid acknowledges the Department of Health Policy and Management of Kuwait University and the International Centre for Casemix and Clinical Coding, National University of Malaysia for the approval and support to participate in this research project. Dr Bhaskar acknowledges institutional support from the NSW Ministry of Health and NSW Health Pathology. Dr Bärnighausen was supported by the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation through the Alexander von Humboldt Professor award, which is funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research. Dr Braithwaite acknowledges funding from the National Institutes of Health/ National Cancer Institute. Dr Conde acknowledges financial support from the European Research Council ERC Starting Grant agreement No 848325. Dr Costa acknowledges her grant (SFRH/ BHD/110001/2015), received by Portuguese national funds through Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia, IP under the Norma Transitória grant DL57/2016/CP1334/CT0006. Dr Ghith acknowledges support from a grant from Novo Nordisk Foundation (NNF16OC0021856). Dr Glasbey is supported by a National Institute of Health Research Doctoral Research Fellowship. Dr Vivek Kumar Gupta acknowledges funding support from National Health and Medical Research Council Australia. Dr Haque thanks Jazan University, Saudi Arabia for providing access to the Saudi Digital Library for this research study. Drs Herteliu, Pana, and Ausloos are partially supported by a grant of the Romanian National Authority for Scientific Research and Innovation, CNDS-UEFISCDI, project number PN-III-P4-ID-PCCF-2016-0084. Dr Hugo received support from the Higher Education Improvement Coordination of the Brazilian Ministry of Education for a sabbatical period at the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, between September 2019 and August 2020. Dr Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam acknowledges funding by a National Heart Foundation of Australia Fellowship and National Health and Medical Research Council Emerging Leadership Fellowship. Dr Jakovljevic acknowledges support through grant OI 175014 of the Ministry of Education Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia. Dr Katikireddi acknowledges funding from a NHS Research Scotland Senior Clinical Fellowship (SCAF/15/02), the Medical Research Council (MC_UU_00022/2), and the Scottish Government Chief Scientist Office (SPHSU17). Dr Md Nuruzzaman Khan acknowledges the support of Jatiya Kabi Kazi Nazrul Islam University, Bangladesh. Dr Yun Jin Kim was supported by the Research Management Centre, Xiamen University Malaysia (XMUMRF/2020-C6/ITCM/0004). Dr Koulmane Laxminarayana acknowledges institutional support from Manipal Academy of Higher Education. Dr Landires is a member of the Sistema Nacional de Investigación, which is supported by Panama’s Secretaría Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación. Dr Loureiro was supported by national funds through Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia under the Scientific Employment Stimulus–Institutional Call (CEECINST/ 00049/2018). Dr Molokhia is supported by the National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Center at Guy’s and St Thomas’ National Health Service Foundation Trust and King’s College London. Dr Moosavi appreciates NIGEB's support. Dr Pati acknowledges support from the SIAN Institute, Association for Biodiversity Conservation & Research. Dr Rakovac acknowledges a grant from the government of the Russian Federation in the context of World Health Organization Noncommunicable Diseases Office. Dr Samy was supported by a fellowship from the Egyptian Fulbright Mission Program. Dr Sheikh acknowledges support from Health Data Research UK. Drs Adithi Shetty and Unnikrishnan acknowledge support given by Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education. Dr Pavanchand H. Shetty acknowledges Manipal Academy of Higher Education for their research support. Dr Diego Augusto Santos Silva was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - Brasil Finance Code 001 and is supported in part by CNPq (302028/2018-8). Dr Zhu acknowledges the Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas grant RP210042. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.
PY - 2022/3/1
Y1 - 2022/3/1
N2 - Importance The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2019 (GBD 2019) provided systematic estimates of incidence, morbidity, and mortality to inform local and international efforts toward reducing cancer burden.Objective To estimate cancer burden and trends globally for 204 countries and territories and by Sociodemographic Index (SDI) quintiles from 2010 to 2019.Evidence Review The GBD 2019 estimation methods were used to describe cancer incidence, mortality, years lived with disability, years of life lost, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) in 2019 and over the past decade. Estimates are also provided by quintiles of the SDI, a composite measure of educational attainment, income per capita, and total fertility rate for those younger than 25 years. Estimates include 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs).Findings In 2019, there were an estimated 23.6 million (95% UI, 22.2-24.9 million) new cancer cases (17.2 million when excluding nonmelanoma skin cancer) and 10.0 million (95% UI, 9.36-10.6 million) cancer deaths globally, with an estimated 250 million (235-264 million) DALYs due to cancer. Since 2010, these represented a 26.3% (95% UI, 20.3%-32.3%) increase in new cases, a 20.9% (95% UI, 14.2%-27.6%) increase in deaths, and a 16.0% (95% UI, 9.3%-22.8%) increase in DALYs. Among 22 groups of diseases and injuries in the GBD 2019 study, cancer was second only to cardiovascular diseases for the number of deaths, years of life lost, and DALYs globally in 2019. Cancer burden differed across SDI quintiles. The proportion of years lived with disability that contributed to DALYs increased with SDI, ranging from 1.4% (1.1%-1.8%) in the low SDI quintile to 5.7% (4.2%-7.1%) in the high SDI quintile. While the high SDI quintile had the highest number of new cases in 2019, the middle SDI quintile had the highest number of cancer deaths and DALYs. From 2010 to 2019, the largest percentage increase in the numbers of cases and deaths occurred in the low and low-middle SDI quintiles.Conclusions and Relevance The results of this systematic analysis suggest that the global burden of cancer is substantial and growing, with burden differing by SDI. These results provide comprehensive and comparable estimates that can potentially inform efforts toward equitable cancer control around the world.
AB - Importance The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2019 (GBD 2019) provided systematic estimates of incidence, morbidity, and mortality to inform local and international efforts toward reducing cancer burden.Objective To estimate cancer burden and trends globally for 204 countries and territories and by Sociodemographic Index (SDI) quintiles from 2010 to 2019.Evidence Review The GBD 2019 estimation methods were used to describe cancer incidence, mortality, years lived with disability, years of life lost, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) in 2019 and over the past decade. Estimates are also provided by quintiles of the SDI, a composite measure of educational attainment, income per capita, and total fertility rate for those younger than 25 years. Estimates include 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs).Findings In 2019, there were an estimated 23.6 million (95% UI, 22.2-24.9 million) new cancer cases (17.2 million when excluding nonmelanoma skin cancer) and 10.0 million (95% UI, 9.36-10.6 million) cancer deaths globally, with an estimated 250 million (235-264 million) DALYs due to cancer. Since 2010, these represented a 26.3% (95% UI, 20.3%-32.3%) increase in new cases, a 20.9% (95% UI, 14.2%-27.6%) increase in deaths, and a 16.0% (95% UI, 9.3%-22.8%) increase in DALYs. Among 22 groups of diseases and injuries in the GBD 2019 study, cancer was second only to cardiovascular diseases for the number of deaths, years of life lost, and DALYs globally in 2019. Cancer burden differed across SDI quintiles. The proportion of years lived with disability that contributed to DALYs increased with SDI, ranging from 1.4% (1.1%-1.8%) in the low SDI quintile to 5.7% (4.2%-7.1%) in the high SDI quintile. While the high SDI quintile had the highest number of new cases in 2019, the middle SDI quintile had the highest number of cancer deaths and DALYs. From 2010 to 2019, the largest percentage increase in the numbers of cases and deaths occurred in the low and low-middle SDI quintiles.Conclusions and Relevance The results of this systematic analysis suggest that the global burden of cancer is substantial and growing, with burden differing by SDI. These results provide comprehensive and comparable estimates that can potentially inform efforts toward equitable cancer control around the world.
KW - Disability-Adjusted Life Years
KW - Global Burden of Disease
KW - Global Health
KW - Humans
KW - Incidence
KW - Neoplasms/epidemiology
KW - Prevalence
KW - Quality-Adjusted Life Years
KW - Risk Factors
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85122535890&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85122535890&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1001/jamaoncol.2021.6987
DO - 10.1001/jamaoncol.2021.6987
M3 - Article
C2 - 34967848
AN - SCOPUS:85122535890
SN - 2374-2437
VL - 8
SP - 420
EP - 444
JO - JAMA Oncology
JF - JAMA Oncology
IS - 3
ER -