Celebrating diversity of humanity, struggling for peace, and establishing culture of coexistence

The Qur'an embraces cultural pluralism, emphasising that 'People, We created you all from a single man and a single woman, and made you into races and tribes so that you should recognize one another.' (Q. 49: 13). Moreover, peace is the most fundamental value in the Qur'an and Islam. The majority of the classical Muslim jurists, especially Hanafi school, emphasised that the reason for Muslims' fight against non-Muslims is Muslims' defense themselves against attacks, not non-Muslims' faith. Bediuzzaman Said Nursi (d. 1960) states that the only kind of jihad that is appropriate for the present age is spiritual or moral jihad. Furthermore, regarding Qur'anic approach to relations between Muslims and the People of the Book, Muslim scholars, in general, advocate sincere relations and trust between Muslims and the People of the Book. In addition, Said Nursi is one of the great Muslim scholars in interfaith dialogue in the 20th century. Finally, there is the need for establishing culture of coexistence, which practised before within a religious tradition such as Islamic tradition for many centuries in the history. Through achieving a culture of coexistence and peace, most conflicts can be resolved.