Current animal disease surveillance systems in Australian livestock industries: where to from here?

To inform the development of a model of farmer-led partnerships for improved animal health surveillance, a review of Australia’s current surveillance systems was undertaken. This review was part of a broader research project on “Improved surveillance, preparedness and return to trade for emergency animal disease incursions using foot-and-mouth disease as a model” (FMD Ready).
Data from literature reviews examined surveillance in relation to current on-farm practices and behaviours, the influence of institutions and the role of technology and extension approaches. Interviews and focus groups were carried out with both government and industry representatives involved in the development of policy for, communication around, and adoption of regulations from, the surveillance system.
Key findings include the multifaceted nature of the surveillance system, with major variations between jurisdictions and industries; significant improvements in general surveillance are thought to be possible and necessary. Interacting structural and behavioural issues were also identified, needing institutional attention and behaviour change considerations. The importance of clear program focus, compelling drivers, transparent incentives and effective relationships were also identified as crucial to establishing effective partnerships in the surveillance arena.
Future approaches to improving animal disease surveillance must consider facilitating trust and transparency, as well as understanding core drivers and optimal outcomes for all stakeholders.