Directional limits on persistent gravitational waves using data from Advanced LIGO's first two observing runs

(The LIGO Scientific Collaboration and the Virgo Collaboration)

doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.100.062001

Directional limits on persistent gravitational waves using data from Advanced LIGO's first two observing runs

(The LIGO Scientific Collaboration and the Virgo Collaboration)

California Institute of Technology
Louisiana State University
The Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics
Salerno
Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo
Monash University
LIGO Livingston Observatory
Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute)
Leibniz Universität Hannover
University of Cambridge
University of Birmingham
LIGO, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais
Gran Sasso Science Institute
Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso
Tata Institute of Fundamental Research
University of Illinois
Università di Pisa
INFN
University of Valencia
Australian National University
IN2P3 Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules
University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee
University of Strathclyde
Université Paris-Saclay
California State University
APC - AstroParticule et Cosmologie
European Gravitational Observatory (EGO)
Università di Roma Tor Vergata
Gran Sasso Science Institute
CNRS/IN2P3
Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University
Montclair State University
Science Park
Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information
West Virginia University
Università di Perugia
INFN
Syracuse University
University of Minnesota Twin Cities
University of Glasgow
LIGO Hanford Observatory
Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics
University of Florida
Stanford University
Dipartimento di Fisica
University of Padua
Montana State University
Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center of the Polish Academy of Sciences
University of Adelaide
Friedrich Schiller Universität
Gruppo Collegato di Parma
Rochester Institute of Technology
Northwestern University
RRCAT
Lomonosov Moscow State University
University of Western Australia
Radboud University Nijmegen
Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur
University of Zurich
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
Cardiff University
Washington State University
University of Oregon
Université Pierre et Marie Curie
Università degli Studi di Urbino Carlo Bo
Sezione di Firenze
Astronomical Observatory Warsaw University
Vrije University Amsterdam
University of Maryland
Georgia Institute of Technology
Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1
Complesso Universitario di Monte S.Angelo
NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center
Università degli Studi di Genova
University of Tokyo
Tsinghua University
Texas Tech University at Lubbock
University of Mississippi
Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche
Pennsylvania State University
National Tsing Hua University
University of Chicago
Chinese University of Hong Kong
Seoul National University
Pusan National University
Carleton College, USA
Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova
Trento Institute for Fundamental Physics and Applications
University of Melbourne
Columbia University in the City of New York
Universitat de les Illes Balears
Université Libre de Bruxelles
Sonoma State University
University of Rhode Island
University of Texas Rio Grande Valley
Bellevue College
Lendulet Astrophysics Research Group

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

70 Citations (Scopus)

29 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

We perform an unmodeled search for persistent, directional gravitational wave (GW) sources using data from the first and second observing runs of Advanced LIGO. We do not find evidence for any GW signals. We place limits on the broadband GW flux emitted at 25 Hz from point sources with a power law spectrum at Fα,Θ<(0.05-25)×10-8 erg cm-2 s-1 Hz-1 and the (normalized) energy density spectrum in GWs at 25 Hz from extended sources at ωα(Θ)<(0.19-2.89)×10-8 sr-1 where α is the spectral index of the energy density spectrum. These represent improvements of 2.5-3× over previous limits. We also consider point sources emitting GWs at a single frequency, targeting the directions of Sco X-1, SN 1987A, and the Galactic center. The best upper limits on the strain amplitude of a potential source in these three directions range from h0<(3.6-4.7)×10-25, 1.5× better than previous limits set with the same analysis method. We also report on a marginally significant outlier at 36.06 Hz. This outlier is not consistent with a persistent gravitational-wave source as its significance diminishes when combining all of the available data.

Original language	English
Article number	062001
Pages (from-to)	1-14
Number of pages	14
Journal	Physical Review D
Volume	100
Issue number	6
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.100.062001
Publication status	Published - 04 Sept 2019

Access to Document

10.1103/PhysRevD.100.062001

182611852 published articleFinal published version, 2.05 MB

Cite this

@article{20e28b758053495e9a4edb3590cb03d4,

title = "Directional limits on persistent gravitational waves using data from Advanced LIGO's first two observing runs",

abstract = "We perform an unmodeled search for persistent, directional gravitational wave (GW) sources using data from the first and second observing runs of Advanced LIGO. We do not find evidence for any GW signals. We place limits on the broadband GW flux emitted at 25 Hz from point sources with a power law spectrum at Fα,Θ<(0.05-25){\texttimes}10-8 erg cm-2 s-1 Hz-1 and the (normalized) energy density spectrum in GWs at 25 Hz from extended sources at ωα(Θ)<(0.19-2.89){\texttimes}10-8 sr-1 where α is the spectral index of the energy density spectrum. These represent improvements of 2.5-3{\texttimes} over previous limits. We also consider point sources emitting GWs at a single frequency, targeting the directions of Sco X-1, SN 1987A, and the Galactic center. The best upper limits on the strain amplitude of a potential source in these three directions range from h0<(3.6-4.7){\texttimes}10-25, 1.5{\texttimes} better than previous limits set with the same analysis method. We also report on a marginally significant outlier at 36.06 Hz. This outlier is not consistent with a persistent gravitational-wave source as its significance diminishes when combining all of the available data.",

author = "\{(The LIGO Scientific Collaboration and the Virgo Collaboration)\} and Abbott, \{B. P.\} and R. Abbott and Abbott, \{T. D.\} and S. Abraham and F. Acernese and K. Ackley and C. Adams and Adhikari, \{R. X.\} and Adya, \{V. B.\} and C. Affeldt and M. Agathos and K. Agatsuma and N. Aggarwal and Aguiar, \{O. D.\} and L. Aiello and A. Ain and P. Ajith and G. Allen and A. Allocca and Aloy, \{M. A.\} and Altin, \{P. A.\} and A. Amato and A. Ananyeva and Anderson, \{S. B.\} and Anderson, \{W. G.\} and Angelova, \{S. V.\} and S. Antier and S. Appert and K. Arai and Araya, \{M. C.\} and Areeda, \{J. S.\} and M. Ar{\`e}ne and N. Arnaud and S. Ascenzi and G. Ashton and Aston, \{S. M.\} and P. Astone and F. Aubin and P. Aufmuth and K. Aultoneal and C. Austin and V. Avendano and A. Avila-Alvarez and S. Babak and P. Bacon and F. Badaracco and Bader, \{M. K.M.\} and S. Bae and Baker, \{P. T.\} and F. Baldaccini and G. Ballardin and Ballmer, \{S. W.\} and S. Banagiri and Barayoga, \{J. C.\} and Barclay, \{S. E.\} and Barish, \{B. C.\} and D. Barker and K. Barkett and S. Barnum and F. Barone and B. Barr and L. Barsotti and M. Barsuglia and D. Barta and J. Bartlett and I. Bartos and R. Bassiri and A. Basti and M. Bawaj and Bayley, \{J. C.\} and M. Bazzan and B. B{\'e}csy and M. Bejger and I. Belahcene and Bell, \{A. S.\} and D. Beniwal and Berger, \{B. K.\} and G. Bergmann and S. Bernuzzi and Bero, \{J. J.\} and Berry, \{C. P.L.\} and D. Bersanetti and A. Bertolini and J. Betzwieser and R. Bhandare and J. Bidler and Bilenko, \{I. A.\} and Bilgili, \{S. A.\} and G. Billingsley and J. Birch and R. Birney and O. Birnholtz and S. Biscans and S. Biscoveanu and A. Bisht and M. Bitossi and Bizouard, \{M. A.\} and Blackburn, \{J. K.\} and Blair, \{C. D.\} and Blair, \{D. G.\} and Blair, \{R. M.\} and S. Bloemen and N. Bode and M. Boer and Y. Boetzel and G. Bogaert and F. Bondu and E. Bonilla and R. Bonnand and P. Booker and Boom, \{B. A.\} and Booth, \{C. D.\} and R. Bork and V. Boschi and S. Bose and K. Bossie and V. Bossilkov and J. Bosveld and Y. Bouffanais and A. Bozzi and C. Bradaschia and Brady, \{P. R.\} and A. Bramley and M. Branchesi and Brau, \{J. E.\} and T. Briant and Briggs, \{J. H.\} and F. Brighenti and A. Brillet and M. Brinkmann and V. Brisson and P. Brockill and Brooks, \{A. F.\} and Brown, \{D. D.\} and S. Brunett and A. Buikema and T. Bulik and Bulten, \{H. J.\} and A. Buonanno and D. Buskulic and C. Buy and Byer, \{R. L.\} and M. Cabero and L. Cadonati and G. Cagnoli and C. Cahillane and Bustillo, \{J. Calder{\'o}n\} and Callister, \{T. A.\} and E. Calloni and Camp, \{J. B.\} and Campbell, \{W. A.\} and M. Canepa and Cannon, \{K. C.\} and H. Cao and J. Cao and E. Capocasa and F. Carbognani and S. Caride and Carney, \{M. F.\} and G. Carullo and Diaz, \{J. Casanueva\} and C. Casentini and S. Caudill and M. Cavagli{\`a} and F. Cavalier and R. Cavalieri and G. Cella and P. Cerd{\'a}-Dur{\'a}n and G. Cerretani and E. Cesarini and O. Chaibi and K. Chakravarti and Chamberlin, \{S. J.\} and M. Chan and S. Chao and P. Charlton and Chase, \{E. A.\} and E. Chassande-Mottin and D. Chatterjee and M. Chaturvedi and Cheeseboro, \{B. D.\} and Chen, \{H. Y.\} and X. Chen and Y. Chen and Cheng, \{H. P.\} and Cheong, \{C. K.\} and Chia, \{H. Y.\} and A. Chincarini and A. Chiummo and G. Cho and Cho, \{H. S.\} and M. Cho and N. Christensen and Q. Chu and S. Chua and Chung, \{K. W.\} and S. Chung and G. Ciani and Ciobanu, \{A. A.\} and R. Ciolfi and F. Cipriano and A. Cirone and F. Clara and Clark, \{J. A.\} and P. Clearwater and F. Cleva and C. Cocchieri and E. Coccia and Cohadon, \{P. F.\} and D. Cohen and R. Colgan and M. Colleoni and Collette, \{C. G.\} and C. Collins and Cominsky, \{L. R.\} and M. Constancio and L. Conti and Cooper, \{S. J.\} and P. Corban and Corbitt, \{T. R.\} and I. Cordero-Carri{\'o}n and Corley, \{K. R.\} and N. Cornish and A. Corsi and S. Cortese and Costa, \{C. A.\} and R. Cotesta and Coughlin, \{M. W.\} and Coughlin, \{S. B.\} and Coulon, \{J. P.\} and Countryman, \{S. T.\} and P. Couvares and Covas, \{P. B.\} and Cowan, \{E. E.\} and Coward, \{D. M.\} and Cowart, \{M. J.\} and Coyne, \{D. C.\} and R. Coyne and Creighton, \{J. D.E.\} and Creighton, \{T. D.\} and J. Cripe and M. Croquette and Crowder, \{S. G.\} and Cullen, \{T. J.\} and A. Cumming and L. Cunningham and E. Cuoco and Canton, \{T. Dal\} and G. D{\'a}lya and Danilishin, \{S. L.\}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019 us. {\textcopyright} 2019 American Physical Society. American Physical Society.",

year = "2019",

month = sep,

day = "4",

doi = "10.1103/PhysRevD.100.062001",

language = "English",

volume = "100",

pages = "1--14",

journal = "Physical Review D",

issn = "2470-0010",

publisher = "American Physical Society",

number = "6",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Directional limits on persistent gravitational waves using data from Advanced LIGO's first two observing runs

AU - (The LIGO Scientific Collaboration and the Virgo Collaboration)

AU - Abbott, B. P.

AU - Abbott, R.

AU - Abbott, T. D.

AU - Abraham, S.

AU - Acernese, F.

AU - Ackley, K.

AU - Adams, C.

AU - Adhikari, R. X.

AU - Adya, V. B.

AU - Affeldt, C.

AU - Agathos, M.

AU - Agatsuma, K.

AU - Aggarwal, N.

AU - Aguiar, O. D.

AU - Aiello, L.

AU - Ain, A.

AU - Ajith, P.

AU - Allen, G.

AU - Allocca, A.

AU - Aloy, M. A.

AU - Altin, P. A.

AU - Amato, A.

AU - Ananyeva, A.

AU - Anderson, S. B.

AU - Anderson, W. G.

AU - Angelova, S. V.

AU - Antier, S.

AU - Appert, S.

AU - Arai, K.

AU - Araya, M. C.

AU - Areeda, J. S.

AU - Arène, M.

AU - Arnaud, N.

AU - Ascenzi, S.

AU - Ashton, G.

AU - Aston, S. M.

AU - Astone, P.

AU - Aubin, F.

AU - Aufmuth, P.

AU - Aultoneal, K.

AU - Austin, C.

AU - Avendano, V.

AU - Avila-Alvarez, A.

AU - Babak, S.

AU - Bacon, P.

AU - Badaracco, F.

AU - Bader, M. K.M.

AU - Bae, S.

AU - Baker, P. T.

AU - Baldaccini, F.

AU - Ballardin, G.

AU - Ballmer, S. W.

AU - Banagiri, S.

AU - Barayoga, J. C.

AU - Barclay, S. E.

AU - Barish, B. C.

AU - Barker, D.

AU - Barkett, K.

AU - Barnum, S.

AU - Barone, F.

AU - Barr, B.

AU - Barsotti, L.

AU - Barsuglia, M.

AU - Barta, D.

AU - Bartlett, J.

AU - Bartos, I.

AU - Bassiri, R.

AU - Basti, A.

AU - Bawaj, M.

AU - Bayley, J. C.

AU - Bazzan, M.

AU - Bécsy, B.

AU - Bejger, M.

AU - Belahcene, I.

AU - Bell, A. S.

AU - Beniwal, D.

AU - Berger, B. K.

AU - Bergmann, G.

AU - Bernuzzi, S.

AU - Bero, J. J.

AU - Berry, C. P.L.

AU - Bersanetti, D.

AU - Bertolini, A.

AU - Betzwieser, J.

AU - Bhandare, R.

AU - Bidler, J.

AU - Bilenko, I. A.

AU - Bilgili, S. A.

AU - Billingsley, G.

AU - Birch, J.

AU - Birney, R.

AU - Birnholtz, O.

AU - Biscans, S.

AU - Biscoveanu, S.

AU - Bisht, A.

AU - Bitossi, M.

AU - Bizouard, M. A.

AU - Blackburn, J. K.

AU - Blair, C. D.

AU - Blair, D. G.

AU - Blair, R. M.

AU - Bloemen, S.

AU - Bode, N.

AU - Boer, M.

AU - Boetzel, Y.

AU - Bogaert, G.

AU - Bondu, F.

AU - Bonilla, E.

AU - Bonnand, R.

AU - Booker, P.

AU - Boom, B. A.

AU - Booth, C. D.

AU - Bork, R.

AU - Boschi, V.

AU - Bose, S.

AU - Bossie, K.

AU - Bossilkov, V.

AU - Bosveld, J.

AU - Bouffanais, Y.

AU - Bozzi, A.

AU - Bradaschia, C.

AU - Brady, P. R.

AU - Bramley, A.

AU - Branchesi, M.

AU - Brau, J. E.

AU - Briant, T.

AU - Briggs, J. H.

AU - Brighenti, F.

AU - Brillet, A.

AU - Brinkmann, M.

AU - Brisson, V.

AU - Brockill, P.

AU - Brooks, A. F.

AU - Brown, D. D.

AU - Brunett, S.

AU - Buikema, A.

AU - Bulik, T.

AU - Bulten, H. J.

AU - Buonanno, A.

AU - Buskulic, D.

AU - Buy, C.

AU - Byer, R. L.

AU - Cabero, M.

AU - Cadonati, L.

AU - Cagnoli, G.

AU - Cahillane, C.

AU - Bustillo, J. Calderón

AU - Callister, T. A.

AU - Calloni, E.

AU - Camp, J. B.

AU - Campbell, W. A.

AU - Canepa, M.

AU - Cannon, K. C.

AU - Cao, H.

AU - Cao, J.

AU - Capocasa, E.

AU - Carbognani, F.

AU - Caride, S.

AU - Carney, M. F.

AU - Carullo, G.

AU - Diaz, J. Casanueva

AU - Casentini, C.

AU - Caudill, S.

AU - Cavaglià, M.

AU - Cavalier, F.

AU - Cavalieri, R.

AU - Cella, G.

AU - Cerdá-Durán, P.

AU - Cerretani, G.

AU - Cesarini, E.

AU - Chaibi, O.

AU - Chakravarti, K.

AU - Chamberlin, S. J.

AU - Chan, M.

AU - Chao, S.

AU - Charlton, P.

AU - Chase, E. A.

AU - Chassande-Mottin, E.

AU - Chatterjee, D.

AU - Chaturvedi, M.

AU - Cheeseboro, B. D.

AU - Chen, H. Y.

AU - Chen, X.

AU - Chen, Y.

AU - Cheng, H. P.

AU - Cheong, C. K.

AU - Chia, H. Y.

AU - Chincarini, A.

AU - Chiummo, A.

AU - Cho, G.

AU - Cho, H. S.

AU - Cho, M.

AU - Christensen, N.

AU - Chu, Q.

AU - Chua, S.

AU - Chung, K. W.

AU - Chung, S.

AU - Ciani, G.

AU - Ciobanu, A. A.

AU - Ciolfi, R.

AU - Cipriano, F.

AU - Cirone, A.

AU - Clara, F.

AU - Clark, J. A.

AU - Clearwater, P.

AU - Cleva, F.

AU - Cocchieri, C.

AU - Coccia, E.

AU - Cohadon, P. F.

AU - Cohen, D.

AU - Colgan, R.

AU - Colleoni, M.

AU - Collette, C. G.

AU - Collins, C.

AU - Cominsky, L. R.

AU - Constancio, M.

AU - Conti, L.

AU - Cooper, S. J.

AU - Corban, P.

AU - Corbitt, T. R.

AU - Cordero-Carrión, I.

AU - Corley, K. R.

AU - Cornish, N.

AU - Corsi, A.

AU - Cortese, S.

AU - Costa, C. A.

AU - Cotesta, R.

AU - Coughlin, M. W.

AU - Coughlin, S. B.

AU - Coulon, J. P.

AU - Countryman, S. T.

AU - Couvares, P.

AU - Covas, P. B.

AU - Cowan, E. E.

AU - Coward, D. M.

AU - Cowart, M. J.

AU - Coyne, D. C.

AU - Coyne, R.

AU - Creighton, J. D.E.

AU - Creighton, T. D.

AU - Cripe, J.

AU - Croquette, M.

AU - Crowder, S. G.

AU - Cullen, T. J.

AU - Cumming, A.

AU - Cunningham, L.

AU - Cuoco, E.

AU - Canton, T. Dal

AU - Dálya, G.

AU - Danilishin, S. L.

PY - 2019/9/4

Y1 - 2019/9/4

N2 - We perform an unmodeled search for persistent, directional gravitational wave (GW) sources using data from the first and second observing runs of Advanced LIGO. We do not find evidence for any GW signals. We place limits on the broadband GW flux emitted at 25 Hz from point sources with a power law spectrum at Fα,Θ<(0.05-25)×10-8 erg cm-2 s-1 Hz-1 and the (normalized) energy density spectrum in GWs at 25 Hz from extended sources at ωα(Θ)<(0.19-2.89)×10-8 sr-1 where α is the spectral index of the energy density spectrum. These represent improvements of 2.5-3× over previous limits. We also consider point sources emitting GWs at a single frequency, targeting the directions of Sco X-1, SN 1987A, and the Galactic center. The best upper limits on the strain amplitude of a potential source in these three directions range from h0<(3.6-4.7)×10-25, 1.5× better than previous limits set with the same analysis method. We also report on a marginally significant outlier at 36.06 Hz. This outlier is not consistent with a persistent gravitational-wave source as its significance diminishes when combining all of the available data.

AB - We perform an unmodeled search for persistent, directional gravitational wave (GW) sources using data from the first and second observing runs of Advanced LIGO. We do not find evidence for any GW signals. We place limits on the broadband GW flux emitted at 25 Hz from point sources with a power law spectrum at Fα,Θ<(0.05-25)×10-8 erg cm-2 s-1 Hz-1 and the (normalized) energy density spectrum in GWs at 25 Hz from extended sources at ωα(Θ)<(0.19-2.89)×10-8 sr-1 where α is the spectral index of the energy density spectrum. These represent improvements of 2.5-3× over previous limits. We also consider point sources emitting GWs at a single frequency, targeting the directions of Sco X-1, SN 1987A, and the Galactic center. The best upper limits on the strain amplitude of a potential source in these three directions range from h0<(3.6-4.7)×10-25, 1.5× better than previous limits set with the same analysis method. We also report on a marginally significant outlier at 36.06 Hz. This outlier is not consistent with a persistent gravitational-wave source as its significance diminishes when combining all of the available data.

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85073009115

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85073009115#tab=citedBy

U2 - 10.1103/PhysRevD.100.062001

DO - 10.1103/PhysRevD.100.062001

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85073009115

SN - 2470-0010

VL - 100

SP - 1

EP - 14

JO - Physical Review D

JF - Physical Review D

IS - 6

M1 - 062001

ER -

Directional limits on persistent gravitational waves using data from Advanced LIGO's first two observing runs

Abstract

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Cite this