DNA barcoding and surveillance sampling strategies for Culicoides biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in southern India

Lara E. Harrup; Swathi Laban; Bethan V. Purse; Yarabolu Krishnamohan Reddy; Yella Narasimha Reddy; Sonnahallipura Munivenkatappa Byregowda; Naveen Kumar; Kondappa Muniramaiah Purushotham; Shrikant Kowalli; Minakshi Prasad; Gaya Prasad; Alison A Bettis; Rien De Keyser; James Logan; Claire Garros; David Gopurenko; Glenn  Bellis; Karien Labuschagne; Bruno Mathieu; Simon Carpenter

doi:10.1186/s13071-016-1722-z

DNA barcoding and surveillance sampling strategies for Culicoides biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in southern India

Lara E. Harrup, Swathi Laban, Bethan V. Purse, Yarabolu Krishnamohan Reddy, Yella Narasimha Reddy, Sonnahallipura Munivenkatappa Byregowda, Naveen Kumar, Kondappa Muniramaiah Purushotham, Shrikant Kowalli, Minakshi Prasad, Gaya Prasad, Alison A Bettis, Rien De Keyser, James Logan, Claire Garros, David Gopurenko, Glenn Bellis, Karien Labuschagne, Bruno Mathieu, Simon Carpenter

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Abstract

Background: Culicoides spp. biting midges transmit bluetongue virus (BTV), the aetiological agent of bluetongue (BT), an economically important disease of ruminants. In southern India, hyperendemic outbreaks of BT exert high cost to subsistence farmers in the region, impacting on sheep production. Effective Culicoides spp. monitoring methods coupled with accurate species identification can accelerate responses for minimising BT outbreaks. Here, we assessed the utility of sampling methods and DNA barcoding for detection and identification of Culicoides spp. in southern India, in order to provide an informed basis for future monitoring of their populations in the region.Methods: Culicoides spp. collected from Tamil Nadu and Karnataka were used to construct a framework for future morphological identification in surveillance, based on sequence comparison of the DNA barcode region of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) gene and achieving quality standards defined by the Barcode of Life initiative. Pairwise catches of Culicoides spp. were compared in diversity and abundance between green (570 nm) and ultraviolet (UV) (390 nm) light emitting diode (LED) suction traps at a single site in Chennai, Tamil Nadu over 20 nights of sampling in November 2013.Results: DNA barcode sequences of Culicoides spp. were mostly congruent both with existing DNA barcode data from other countries and with morphological identification of major vector species. However, sequence differences symptomatic of cryptic species diversity were present in some groups which require further investigation. While the diversity of species collected by the UV LED Center for Disease Control (CDC) trap did not significantly vary from that collected by the green LED CDC trap, the UV CDC significantly outperformed the green LED CDC trap with regard to the number of Culicoides individuals collected.Conclusions: Morphological identification of the majority of potential vector species of Culicoides spp. samples within southern India appears relatively robust; however, potential cryptic species diversity was present in some groups requiring further investigation. The UV LED CDC trap is recommended for surveillance of Culicoides in southern India.

Original language	English
Article number	461
Pages (from-to)	1-20
Number of pages	20
Journal	Parasites and Vectors
Volume	9
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-016-1722-z
Publication status	Published - 2016

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Harrup, L. E., Laban, S., Purse, B. V., Reddy, Y. K., Reddy, Y. N., Byregowda, S. M., Kumar, N., Purushotham, K. M., Kowalli, S., Prasad, M., Prasad, G., Bettis, A. A., Keyser, R. D., Logan, J., Garros, C., Gopurenko, D., Bellis, G., Labuschagne, K., Mathieu, B., & Carpenter, S. (2016). DNA barcoding and surveillance sampling strategies for Culicoides biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in southern India. Parasites and Vectors, 9, 1-20. [461]. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-016-1722-z

@article{a68c344e4a08429cb152bc7a515a0b71,

title = "DNA barcoding and surveillance sampling strategies for Culicoides biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in southern India",

abstract = "Background: Culicoides spp. biting midges transmit bluetongue virus (BTV), the aetiological agent of bluetongue (BT), an economically important disease of ruminants. In southern India, hyperendemic outbreaks of BT exert high cost to subsistence farmers in the region, impacting on sheep production. Effective Culicoides spp. monitoring methods coupled with accurate species identification can accelerate responses for minimising BT outbreaks. Here, we assessed the utility of sampling methods and DNA barcoding for detection and identification of Culicoides spp. in southern India, in order to provide an informed basis for future monitoring of their populations in the region.Methods: Culicoides spp. collected from Tamil Nadu and Karnataka were used to construct a framework for future morphological identification in surveillance, based on sequence comparison of the DNA barcode region of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) gene and achieving quality standards defined by the Barcode of Life initiative. Pairwise catches of Culicoides spp. were compared in diversity and abundance between green (570 nm) and ultraviolet (UV) (390 nm) light emitting diode (LED) suction traps at a single site in Chennai, Tamil Nadu over 20 nights of sampling in November 2013.Results: DNA barcode sequences of Culicoides spp. were mostly congruent both with existing DNA barcode data from other countries and with morphological identification of major vector species. However, sequence differences symptomatic of cryptic species diversity were present in some groups which require further investigation. While the diversity of species collected by the UV LED Center for Disease Control (CDC) trap did not significantly vary from that collected by the green LED CDC trap, the UV CDC significantly outperformed the green LED CDC trap with regard to the number of Culicoides individuals collected.Conclusions: Morphological identification of the majority of potential vector species of Culicoides spp. samples within southern India appears relatively robust; however, potential cryptic species diversity was present in some groups requiring further investigation. The UV LED CDC trap is recommended for surveillance of Culicoides in southern India.",

keywords = "Culicoides, Bluetongue virus, Arbovirus, DNA barcode, BOLD, COI, LED, Surveillance",

author = "Harrup, {Lara E.} and Swathi Laban and Purse, {Bethan V.} and Reddy, {Yarabolu Krishnamohan} and Reddy, {Yella Narasimha} and Byregowda, {Sonnahallipura Munivenkatappa} and Naveen Kumar and Purushotham, {Kondappa Muniramaiah} and Shrikant Kowalli and Minakshi Prasad and Gaya Prasad and Bettis, {Alison A} and Keyser, {Rien De} and James Logan and Claire Garros and David Gopurenko and Glenn Bellis and Karien Labuschagne and Bruno Mathieu and Simon Carpenter",

note = "Includes bibliographical references.",

year = "2016",

doi = "10.1186/s13071-016-1722-z",

language = "English",

volume = "9",

pages = "1--20",

journal = "Parasites and Vectors",

issn = "1756-3305",

publisher = "BioMed Central",

}

Harrup, LE, Laban, S, Purse, BV, Reddy, YK, Reddy, YN, Byregowda, SM, Kumar, N, Purushotham, KM, Kowalli, S, Prasad, M, Prasad, G, Bettis, AA, Keyser, RD, Logan, J, Garros, C, Gopurenko, D, Bellis, G, Labuschagne, K, Mathieu, B & Carpenter, S 2016, 'DNA barcoding and surveillance sampling strategies for Culicoides biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in southern India', Parasites and Vectors, vol. 9, 461, pp. 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-016-1722-z

TY - JOUR

T1 - DNA barcoding and surveillance sampling strategies for Culicoides biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in southern India

AU - Harrup, Lara E.

AU - Laban, Swathi

AU - Purse, Bethan V.

AU - Reddy, Yarabolu Krishnamohan

AU - Reddy, Yella Narasimha

AU - Byregowda, Sonnahallipura Munivenkatappa

AU - Kumar, Naveen

AU - Purushotham, Kondappa Muniramaiah

AU - Kowalli, Shrikant

AU - Prasad, Minakshi

AU - Prasad, Gaya

AU - Bettis, Alison A

AU - Keyser, Rien De

AU - Logan, James

AU - Garros, Claire

AU - Gopurenko, David

AU - Bellis, Glenn

AU - Labuschagne, Karien

AU - Mathieu, Bruno

AU - Carpenter, Simon

N1 - Includes bibliographical references.

PY - 2016

Y1 - 2016

N2 - Background: Culicoides spp. biting midges transmit bluetongue virus (BTV), the aetiological agent of bluetongue (BT), an economically important disease of ruminants. In southern India, hyperendemic outbreaks of BT exert high cost to subsistence farmers in the region, impacting on sheep production. Effective Culicoides spp. monitoring methods coupled with accurate species identification can accelerate responses for minimising BT outbreaks. Here, we assessed the utility of sampling methods and DNA barcoding for detection and identification of Culicoides spp. in southern India, in order to provide an informed basis for future monitoring of their populations in the region.Methods: Culicoides spp. collected from Tamil Nadu and Karnataka were used to construct a framework for future morphological identification in surveillance, based on sequence comparison of the DNA barcode region of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) gene and achieving quality standards defined by the Barcode of Life initiative. Pairwise catches of Culicoides spp. were compared in diversity and abundance between green (570 nm) and ultraviolet (UV) (390 nm) light emitting diode (LED) suction traps at a single site in Chennai, Tamil Nadu over 20 nights of sampling in November 2013.Results: DNA barcode sequences of Culicoides spp. were mostly congruent both with existing DNA barcode data from other countries and with morphological identification of major vector species. However, sequence differences symptomatic of cryptic species diversity were present in some groups which require further investigation. While the diversity of species collected by the UV LED Center for Disease Control (CDC) trap did not significantly vary from that collected by the green LED CDC trap, the UV CDC significantly outperformed the green LED CDC trap with regard to the number of Culicoides individuals collected.Conclusions: Morphological identification of the majority of potential vector species of Culicoides spp. samples within southern India appears relatively robust; however, potential cryptic species diversity was present in some groups requiring further investigation. The UV LED CDC trap is recommended for surveillance of Culicoides in southern India.

AB - Background: Culicoides spp. biting midges transmit bluetongue virus (BTV), the aetiological agent of bluetongue (BT), an economically important disease of ruminants. In southern India, hyperendemic outbreaks of BT exert high cost to subsistence farmers in the region, impacting on sheep production. Effective Culicoides spp. monitoring methods coupled with accurate species identification can accelerate responses for minimising BT outbreaks. Here, we assessed the utility of sampling methods and DNA barcoding for detection and identification of Culicoides spp. in southern India, in order to provide an informed basis for future monitoring of their populations in the region.Methods: Culicoides spp. collected from Tamil Nadu and Karnataka were used to construct a framework for future morphological identification in surveillance, based on sequence comparison of the DNA barcode region of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) gene and achieving quality standards defined by the Barcode of Life initiative. Pairwise catches of Culicoides spp. were compared in diversity and abundance between green (570 nm) and ultraviolet (UV) (390 nm) light emitting diode (LED) suction traps at a single site in Chennai, Tamil Nadu over 20 nights of sampling in November 2013.Results: DNA barcode sequences of Culicoides spp. were mostly congruent both with existing DNA barcode data from other countries and with morphological identification of major vector species. However, sequence differences symptomatic of cryptic species diversity were present in some groups which require further investigation. While the diversity of species collected by the UV LED Center for Disease Control (CDC) trap did not significantly vary from that collected by the green LED CDC trap, the UV CDC significantly outperformed the green LED CDC trap with regard to the number of Culicoides individuals collected.Conclusions: Morphological identification of the majority of potential vector species of Culicoides spp. samples within southern India appears relatively robust; however, potential cryptic species diversity was present in some groups requiring further investigation. The UV LED CDC trap is recommended for surveillance of Culicoides in southern India.

KW - Culicoides

KW - Bluetongue virus

KW - Arbovirus

KW - DNA barcode

KW - BOLD

KW - COI

KW - LED

KW - Surveillance

U2 - 10.1186/s13071-016-1722-z

DO - 10.1186/s13071-016-1722-z

M3 - Article

C2 - 27549137

SN - 1756-3305

VL - 9

SP - 1

EP - 20

JO - Parasites and Vectors

JF - Parasites and Vectors

M1 - 461

ER -

DNA barcoding and surveillance sampling strategies for Culicoides biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in southern India

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