TY - JOUR
T1 - Efficacy of virtual reality exposure therapy for the treatment of dental phobia in adults
T2 - A randomized controlled trial
AU - Gujjar, Kumar Raghav
AU - van Wijk, Arjen
AU - Kumar, Ratika
AU - de Jongh, Ad
N1 - Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
PY - 2019/3
Y1 - 2019/3
N2 - BACKGROUND: Although Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy (VRET) has proven to be effective in the treatment of various subtypes of specific phobia, there is limited evidence of its role in the treatment of dental phobia.METHOD: A single-blind RCT was conducted among 30 randomized patients with dental phobia to either VRET or informational pamphlet (IP) condition. Primary outcome anxiety measures (VAS-A, MDAS and DFS) were evaluated at baseline, pre- and post-intervention, 1-week, 3-months and 6-months follow-up. Secondary outcome measures assessed were pre-post behavioral avoidance, temporal variations of heart rate and VR-experience during and post-VRET, and dental treatment acceptance in both conditions at 6-month follow-up.RESULTS: Intention to treat analysis, using a repeated measures MANOVA, revealed a multivariate interaction effect between time and condition (p = 0.015) for all primary outcome measures (all ps < 0.001). Only patients of the VRET condition showed a significant reduction in anxiety scores (mean reduction [s.d.]: VAS-A 44.4 [36.1]; MDAS 7.1 [5.4]; DFS 21.2 [13.1]) whereas the patients in the IP group did not (mean reduction [s.d.]: VAS-A -0.33 [7.7]; MDAS -0.33 [1.3]; DFS -1.9 [3.8]), F (15, 14) = 3.3, p = 0.015.CONCLUSIONS: VRET was found to be efficacious in the treatment of dental phobia.
AB - BACKGROUND: Although Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy (VRET) has proven to be effective in the treatment of various subtypes of specific phobia, there is limited evidence of its role in the treatment of dental phobia.METHOD: A single-blind RCT was conducted among 30 randomized patients with dental phobia to either VRET or informational pamphlet (IP) condition. Primary outcome anxiety measures (VAS-A, MDAS and DFS) were evaluated at baseline, pre- and post-intervention, 1-week, 3-months and 6-months follow-up. Secondary outcome measures assessed were pre-post behavioral avoidance, temporal variations of heart rate and VR-experience during and post-VRET, and dental treatment acceptance in both conditions at 6-month follow-up.RESULTS: Intention to treat analysis, using a repeated measures MANOVA, revealed a multivariate interaction effect between time and condition (p = 0.015) for all primary outcome measures (all ps < 0.001). Only patients of the VRET condition showed a significant reduction in anxiety scores (mean reduction [s.d.]: VAS-A 44.4 [36.1]; MDAS 7.1 [5.4]; DFS 21.2 [13.1]) whereas the patients in the IP group did not (mean reduction [s.d.]: VAS-A -0.33 [7.7]; MDAS -0.33 [1.3]; DFS -1.9 [3.8]), F (15, 14) = 3.3, p = 0.015.CONCLUSIONS: VRET was found to be efficacious in the treatment of dental phobia.
KW - Adult
KW - Dental Anxiety/therapy
KW - Female
KW - Heart Rate
KW - Humans
KW - Male
KW - Phobic Disorders/therapy
KW - Research Design
KW - Single-Blind Method
KW - Treatment Outcome
KW - Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy/methods
KW - Young Adult
U2 - 10.1016/j.janxdis.2018.12.001
DO - 10.1016/j.janxdis.2018.12.001
M3 - Article
C2 - 30717830
VL - 62
SP - 100
EP - 108
JO - Journal of Anxiety Disorders
JF - Journal of Anxiety Disorders
SN - 0887-6185
ER -