Functional genomics methods to target the interface between schistosomes and the host immune system

Investigation of the molecular processes that play a role at the parasite/host interface in parasitic worm infections has been an elusive aim for over two decades. Only recently, with the advance of new molecular techniques, has this become possible. Here we report the advances and the methodologies that have been developed and that are now used to explore host-parasite interactions. In this chapter we focus on schistosomiasis which is responsible for the third highest global burden caused by a neglected tropical disease. Pathology in schistosomiasis is associated with the immune response to the eggs of the parasite leading to a granulomatous response in the tissues of the host. Gene silencing techniques using RNA interference and CRISPR/Cas9 have now enabled an in-depth analysis of some of the egg-secreted molecules of the parasite responsible for these adverse immunological responses.