GWTC-1: A gravitational-wave transient catalog of compact binary mergers observed by LIGO and Virgo during the first and second observing runs

LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration

doi:10.1103/PhysRevX.9.031040

GWTC-1: A gravitational-wave transient catalog of compact binary mergers observed by LIGO and Virgo during the first and second observing runs

LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration

California Institute of Technology
Louisiana State University
The Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics
Salerno
Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo
Monash University
LIGO Livingston Observatory
Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute)
Leibniz Universität Hannover
University of Cambridge
University of Birmingham
LIGO, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais
Gran Sasso Science Institute
Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso
Tata Institute of Fundamental Research
University of Illinois
Università di Pisa
INFN
University of Valencia
Australian National University
IN2P3 Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules
University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee
University of Strathclyde
Université Paris-Saclay
California State University
APC - AstroParticule et Cosmologie
European Gravitational Observatory (EGO)
Chennai Mathematical Institute
Università di Roma Tor Vergata
Gran Sasso Science Institute
CNRS/IN2P3
Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University
Montclair State University
Science Park
Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information
West Virginia University
Università di Perugia
INFN
Syracuse University
University of Minnesota Twin Cities
University of Glasgow
LIGO Hanford Observatory
Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics
University of Florida
Stanford University
Dipartimento di Fisica
University of Padua
Montana State University
Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center of the Polish Academy of Sciences
University of Adelaide
Friedrich Schiller Universität
Gruppo Collegato di Parma
Rochester Institute of Technology
Northwestern University
RRCAT
Lomonosov Moscow State University
University of Western Australia
Radboud University Nijmegen
Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur
University of Zurich
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
Cardiff University
Washington State University
University of Oregon
Université Pierre et Marie Curie
Università degli Studi di Urbino Carlo Bo
Sezione di Firenze
Astronomical Observatory Warsaw University
Vrije University Amsterdam
University of Maryland
University of Texas at Austin
Georgia Institute of Technology
Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1
Complesso Universitario di Monte S.Angelo
NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center
Università degli Studi di Genova
University of Tokyo
Tsinghua University
Texas Tech University at Lubbock
University of Mississippi
Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi
Pennsylvania State University
National Tsing Hua University
Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics
University of Chicago
Chinese University of Hong Kong
Seoul National University
Pusan National University
Carleton College, USA
Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova
Trento Institute for Fundamental Physics and Applications
University of Melbourne
Columbia University in the City of New York
Universitat de les Illes Balears
Université Libre de Bruxelles
Sonoma State University
University of Rhode Island
University of Texas Rio Grande Valley
Bellevue College

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Abstract

We present the results from three gravitational-wave searches for coalescing compact binaries with component masses above 1 Ma™ during the first and second observing runs of the advanced gravitational-wave detector network. During the first observing run (O1), from September 12, 2015 to January 19, 2016, gravitational waves from three binary black hole mergers were detected. The second observing run (O2), which ran from November 30, 2016 to August 25, 2017, saw the first detection of gravitational waves from a binary neutron star inspiral, in addition to the observation of gravitational waves from a total of seven binary black hole mergers, four of which we report here for the first time: GW170729, GW170809, GW170818, and GW170823. For all significant gravitational-wave events, we provide estimates of the source properties. The detected binary black holes have total masses between 18.6-0.7+3.2 Mâ™ and 84.4-11.1+15.8 Mâ™ and range in distance between 320-110+120 and 2840-1360+1400 Mpc. No neutron star-black hole mergers were detected. In addition to highly significant gravitational-wave events, we also provide a list of marginal event candidates with an estimated false-alarm rate less than 1 per 30 days. From these results over the first two observing runs, which include approximately one gravitational-wave detection per 15 days of data searched, we infer merger rates at the 90% confidence intervals of 110-3840 Gpc-3 y-1 for binary neutron stars and 9.7-101 Gpc-3 y-1 for binary black holes assuming fixed population distributions and determine a neutron star-black hole merger rate 90% upper limit of 610 Gpc-3 y-1.

Original language	English
Article number	031040
Pages (from-to)	1-49
Number of pages	49
Journal	Physical Review X
Volume	9
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.9.031040
Publication status	Published - 04 Sept 2019

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182611032 published articleFinal published version, 6.65 MB

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@article{160870af47aa4ab0a8635a676ac4c305,

title = "GWTC-1: A gravitational-wave transient catalog of compact binary mergers observed by LIGO and Virgo during the first and second observing runs",

abstract = "We present the results from three gravitational-wave searches for coalescing compact binaries with component masses above 1 Ma{\texttrademark} during the first and second observing runs of the advanced gravitational-wave detector network. During the first observing run (O1), from September 12, 2015 to January 19, 2016, gravitational waves from three binary black hole mergers were detected. The second observing run (O2), which ran from November 30, 2016 to August 25, 2017, saw the first detection of gravitational waves from a binary neutron star inspiral, in addition to the observation of gravitational waves from a total of seven binary black hole mergers, four of which we report here for the first time: GW170729, GW170809, GW170818, and GW170823. For all significant gravitational-wave events, we provide estimates of the source properties. The detected binary black holes have total masses between 18.6-0.7+3.2 M{\^a}{\texttrademark} and 84.4-11.1+15.8 M{\^a}{\texttrademark} and range in distance between 320-110+120 and 2840-1360+1400 Mpc. No neutron star-black hole mergers were detected. In addition to highly significant gravitational-wave events, we also provide a list of marginal event candidates with an estimated false-alarm rate less than 1 per 30 days. From these results over the first two observing runs, which include approximately one gravitational-wave detection per 15 days of data searched, we infer merger rates at the 90\% confidence intervals of 110-3840 Gpc-3 y-1 for binary neutron stars and 9.7-101 Gpc-3 y-1 for binary black holes assuming fixed population distributions and determine a neutron star-black hole merger rate 90\% upper limit of 610 Gpc-3 y-1.",

author = "\{LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration\} and Abbott, \{B. P.\} and R. Abbott and Abbott, \{T. D.\} and S. Abraham and F. Acernese and K. Ackley and C. Adams and Adhikari, \{R. X.\} and Adya, \{V. B.\} and C. Affeldt and M. Agathos and K. Agatsuma and N. Aggarwal and Aguiar, \{O. D.\} and L. Aiello and A. Ain and P. Ajith and G. Allen and A. Allocca and Aloy, \{M. A.\} and Altin, \{P. A.\} and A. Amato and A. Ananyeva and Anderson, \{S. B.\} and Anderson, \{W. G.\} and Angelova, \{S. V.\} and S. Antier and S. Appert and K. Arai and Araya, \{M. C.\} and Areeda, \{J. S.\} and M. Ar{\`e}ne and N. Arnaud and Arun, \{K. G.\} and S. Ascenzi and G. Ashton and Aston, \{S. M.\} and P. Astone and F. Aubin and P. Aufmuth and K. Aultoneal and C. Austin and V. Avendano and A. Avila-Alvarez and S. Babak and P. Bacon and F. Badaracco and Bader, \{M. K.M.\} and S. Bae and Baker, \{P. T.\} and F. Baldaccini and G. Ballardin and Ballmer, \{S. W.\} and S. Banagiri and Barayoga, \{J. C.\} and Barclay, \{S. E.\} and Barish, \{B. C.\} and D. Barker and K. Barkett and S. Barnum and F. Barone and B. Barr and L. Barsotti and M. Barsuglia and D. Barta and J. Bartlett and I. Bartos and R. Bassiri and A. Basti and M. Bawaj and Bayley, \{J. C.\} and M. Bazzan and B. B{\'e}csy and M. Bejger and I. Belahcene and Bell, \{A. S.\} and D. Beniwal and Berger, \{B. K.\} and G. Bergmann and S. Bernuzzi and Bero, \{J. J.\} and Berry, \{C. P.L.\} and D. Bersanetti and A. Bertolini and J. Betzwieser and R. Bhandare and J. Bidler and Bilenko, \{I. A.\} and Bilgili, \{S. A.\} and G. Billingsley and J. Birch and R. Birney and O. Birnholtz and S. Biscans and S. Biscoveanu and A. Bisht and M. Bitossi and Bizouard, \{M. A.\} and Blackburn, \{J. K.\} and J. Blackman and Blair, \{C. D.\} and Blair, \{D. G.\} and Blair, \{R. M.\} and S. Bloemen and N. Bode and M. Boer and Y. Boetzel and G. Bogaert and F. Bondu and E. Bonilla and R. Bonnand and P. Booker and Boom, \{B. A.\} and Booth, \{C. D.\} and R. Bork and V. Boschi and S. Bose and K. Bossie and V. Bossilkov and J. Bosveld and Y. Bouffanais and A. Bozzi and C. Bradaschia and Brady, \{P. R.\} and A. Bramley and M. Branchesi and Brau, \{J. E.\} and T. Briant and Briggs, \{J. H.\} and F. Brighenti and A. Brillet and M. Brinkmann and V. Brisson and P. Brockill and Brooks, \{A. F.\} and Brown, \{D. D.\} and S. Brunett and A. Buikema and T. Bulik and Bulten, \{H. J.\} and A. Buonanno and D. Buskulic and \{Bustamante Rosell\}, \{M. J.\} and C. Buy and Byer, \{R. L.\} and M. Cabero and L. Cadonati and G. Cagnoli and C. Cahillane and \{Calder{\'o}n Bustillo\}, J. and Callister, \{T. A.\} and E. Calloni and Camp, \{J. B.\} and Campbell, \{W. A.\} and M. Canepa and Cannon, \{K. C.\} and H. Cao and J. Cao and E. Capocasa and F. Carbognani and S. Caride and Carney, \{M. F.\} and G. Carullo and \{Casanueva Diaz\}, J. and C. Casentini and S. Caudill and M. Cavagli{\`a} and F. Cavalier and R. Cavalieri and G. Cella and P. Cerd{\'a}-Dur{\'a}n and G. Cerretani and E. Cesarini and O. Chaibi and K. Chakravarti and Chamberlin, \{S. J.\} and M. Chan and S. Chao and P. Charlton and Chase, \{E. A.\} and E. Chassande-Mottin and D. Chatterjee and M. Chaturvedi and K. Chatziioannou and Cheeseboro, \{B. D.\} and Chen, \{H. Y.\} and X. Chen and Y. Chen and Cheng, \{H. P.\} and Cheong, \{C. K.\} and Chia, \{H. Y.\} and A. Chincarini and A. Chiummo and G. Cho and Cho, \{H. S.\} and M. Cho and N. Christensen and Q. Chu and S. Chua and Chung, \{K. W.\} and S. Chung and G. Ciani and Ciobanu, \{A. A.\} and R. Ciolfi and F. Cipriano and A. Cirone and F. Clara and Clark, \{J. A.\} and P. Clearwater and F. Cleva and C. Cocchieri and E. Coccia and Cohadon, \{P. F.\} and D. Cohen and R. Colgan and M. Colleoni and Collette, \{C. G.\} and C. Collins and Cominsky, \{L. R.\} and M. Constancio and L. Conti and Cooper, \{S. J.\} and P. Corban and Corbitt, \{T. R.\} and I. Cordero-Carri{\'o}n and Corley, \{K. R.\} and N. Cornish and A. Corsi and S. Cortese and Costa, \{C. A.\} and R. Cotesta and Coughlin, \{M. W.\} and Coughlin, \{S. B.\} and Coulon, \{J. P.\} and Countryman, \{S. T.\} and P. Couvares and Covas, \{P. B.\} and Cowan, \{E. E.\} and Coward, \{D. M.\} and Cowart, \{M. J.\} and Coyne, \{D. C.\} and R. Coyne and Creighton, \{J. D.E.\} and Creighton, \{T. D.\} and J. Cripe and M. Croquette and Crowder, \{S. G.\} and Cullen, \{T. J.\} and A. Cumming and L. Cunningham",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019 authors. Published by the American Physical Society.",

year = "2019",

month = sep,

day = "4",

doi = "10.1103/PhysRevX.9.031040",

language = "English",

volume = "9",

pages = "1--49",

journal = "Physical Review X",

issn = "2160-3308",

publisher = "American Physical Society",

number = "3",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - GWTC-1

T2 - A gravitational-wave transient catalog of compact binary mergers observed by LIGO and Virgo during the first and second observing runs

AU - LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration

AU - Abbott, B. P.

AU - Abbott, R.

AU - Abbott, T. D.

AU - Abraham, S.

AU - Acernese, F.

AU - Ackley, K.

AU - Adams, C.

AU - Adhikari, R. X.

AU - Adya, V. B.

AU - Affeldt, C.

AU - Agathos, M.

AU - Agatsuma, K.

AU - Aggarwal, N.

AU - Aguiar, O. D.

AU - Aiello, L.

AU - Ain, A.

AU - Ajith, P.

AU - Allen, G.

AU - Allocca, A.

AU - Aloy, M. A.

AU - Altin, P. A.

AU - Amato, A.

AU - Ananyeva, A.

AU - Anderson, S. B.

AU - Anderson, W. G.

AU - Angelova, S. V.

AU - Antier, S.

AU - Appert, S.

AU - Arai, K.

AU - Araya, M. C.

AU - Areeda, J. S.

AU - Arène, M.

AU - Arnaud, N.

AU - Arun, K. G.

AU - Ascenzi, S.

AU - Ashton, G.

AU - Aston, S. M.

AU - Astone, P.

AU - Aubin, F.

AU - Aufmuth, P.

AU - Aultoneal, K.

AU - Austin, C.

AU - Avendano, V.

AU - Avila-Alvarez, A.

AU - Babak, S.

AU - Bacon, P.

AU - Badaracco, F.

AU - Bader, M. K.M.

AU - Bae, S.

AU - Baker, P. T.

AU - Baldaccini, F.

AU - Ballardin, G.

AU - Ballmer, S. W.

AU - Banagiri, S.

AU - Barayoga, J. C.

AU - Barclay, S. E.

AU - Barish, B. C.

AU - Barker, D.

AU - Barkett, K.

AU - Barnum, S.

AU - Barone, F.

AU - Barr, B.

AU - Barsotti, L.

AU - Barsuglia, M.

AU - Barta, D.

AU - Bartlett, J.

AU - Bartos, I.

AU - Bassiri, R.

AU - Basti, A.

AU - Bawaj, M.

AU - Bayley, J. C.

AU - Bazzan, M.

AU - Bécsy, B.

AU - Bejger, M.

AU - Belahcene, I.

AU - Bell, A. S.

AU - Beniwal, D.

AU - Berger, B. K.

AU - Bergmann, G.

AU - Bernuzzi, S.

AU - Bero, J. J.

AU - Berry, C. P.L.

AU - Bersanetti, D.

AU - Bertolini, A.

AU - Betzwieser, J.

AU - Bhandare, R.

AU - Bidler, J.

AU - Bilenko, I. A.

AU - Bilgili, S. A.

AU - Billingsley, G.

AU - Birch, J.

AU - Birney, R.

AU - Birnholtz, O.

AU - Biscans, S.

AU - Biscoveanu, S.

AU - Bisht, A.

AU - Bitossi, M.

AU - Bizouard, M. A.

AU - Blackburn, J. K.

AU - Blackman, J.

AU - Blair, C. D.

AU - Blair, D. G.

AU - Blair, R. M.

AU - Bloemen, S.

AU - Bode, N.

AU - Boer, M.

AU - Boetzel, Y.

AU - Bogaert, G.

AU - Bondu, F.

AU - Bonilla, E.

AU - Bonnand, R.

AU - Booker, P.

AU - Boom, B. A.

AU - Booth, C. D.

AU - Bork, R.

AU - Boschi, V.

AU - Bose, S.

AU - Bossie, K.

AU - Bossilkov, V.

AU - Bosveld, J.

AU - Bouffanais, Y.

AU - Bozzi, A.

AU - Bradaschia, C.

AU - Brady, P. R.

AU - Bramley, A.

AU - Branchesi, M.

AU - Brau, J. E.

AU - Briant, T.

AU - Briggs, J. H.

AU - Brighenti, F.

AU - Brillet, A.

AU - Brinkmann, M.

AU - Brisson, V.

AU - Brockill, P.

AU - Brooks, A. F.

AU - Brown, D. D.

AU - Brunett, S.

AU - Buikema, A.

AU - Bulik, T.

AU - Bulten, H. J.

AU - Buonanno, A.

AU - Buskulic, D.

AU - Bustamante Rosell, M. J.

AU - Buy, C.

AU - Byer, R. L.

AU - Cabero, M.

AU - Cadonati, L.

AU - Cagnoli, G.

AU - Cahillane, C.

AU - Calderón Bustillo, J.

AU - Callister, T. A.

AU - Calloni, E.

AU - Camp, J. B.

AU - Campbell, W. A.

AU - Canepa, M.

AU - Cannon, K. C.

AU - Cao, H.

AU - Cao, J.

AU - Capocasa, E.

AU - Carbognani, F.

AU - Caride, S.

AU - Carney, M. F.

AU - Carullo, G.

AU - Casanueva Diaz, J.

AU - Casentini, C.

AU - Caudill, S.

AU - Cavaglià, M.

AU - Cavalier, F.

AU - Cavalieri, R.

AU - Cella, G.

AU - Cerdá-Durán, P.

AU - Cerretani, G.

AU - Cesarini, E.

AU - Chaibi, O.

AU - Chakravarti, K.

AU - Chamberlin, S. J.

AU - Chan, M.

AU - Chao, S.

AU - Charlton, P.

AU - Chase, E. A.

AU - Chassande-Mottin, E.

AU - Chatterjee, D.

AU - Chaturvedi, M.

AU - Chatziioannou, K.

AU - Cheeseboro, B. D.

AU - Chen, H. Y.

AU - Chen, X.

AU - Chen, Y.

AU - Cheng, H. P.

AU - Cheong, C. K.

AU - Chia, H. Y.

AU - Chincarini, A.

AU - Chiummo, A.

AU - Cho, G.

AU - Cho, H. S.

AU - Cho, M.

AU - Christensen, N.

AU - Chu, Q.

AU - Chua, S.

AU - Chung, K. W.

AU - Chung, S.

AU - Ciani, G.

AU - Ciobanu, A. A.

AU - Ciolfi, R.

AU - Cipriano, F.

AU - Cirone, A.

AU - Clara, F.

AU - Clark, J. A.

AU - Clearwater, P.

AU - Cleva, F.

AU - Cocchieri, C.

AU - Coccia, E.

AU - Cohadon, P. F.

AU - Cohen, D.

AU - Colgan, R.

AU - Colleoni, M.

AU - Collette, C. G.

AU - Collins, C.

AU - Cominsky, L. R.

AU - Constancio, M.

AU - Conti, L.

AU - Cooper, S. J.

AU - Corban, P.

AU - Corbitt, T. R.

AU - Cordero-Carrión, I.

AU - Corley, K. R.

AU - Cornish, N.

AU - Corsi, A.

AU - Cortese, S.

AU - Costa, C. A.

AU - Cotesta, R.

AU - Coughlin, M. W.

AU - Coughlin, S. B.

AU - Coulon, J. P.

AU - Countryman, S. T.

AU - Couvares, P.

AU - Covas, P. B.

AU - Cowan, E. E.

AU - Coward, D. M.

AU - Cowart, M. J.

AU - Coyne, D. C.

AU - Coyne, R.

AU - Creighton, J. D.E.

AU - Creighton, T. D.

AU - Cripe, J.

AU - Croquette, M.

AU - Crowder, S. G.

AU - Cullen, T. J.

AU - Cumming, A.

AU - Cunningham, L.

PY - 2019/9/4

Y1 - 2019/9/4

N2 - We present the results from three gravitational-wave searches for coalescing compact binaries with component masses above 1 Ma™ during the first and second observing runs of the advanced gravitational-wave detector network. During the first observing run (O1), from September 12, 2015 to January 19, 2016, gravitational waves from three binary black hole mergers were detected. The second observing run (O2), which ran from November 30, 2016 to August 25, 2017, saw the first detection of gravitational waves from a binary neutron star inspiral, in addition to the observation of gravitational waves from a total of seven binary black hole mergers, four of which we report here for the first time: GW170729, GW170809, GW170818, and GW170823. For all significant gravitational-wave events, we provide estimates of the source properties. The detected binary black holes have total masses between 18.6-0.7+3.2 Mâ™ and 84.4-11.1+15.8 Mâ™ and range in distance between 320-110+120 and 2840-1360+1400 Mpc. No neutron star-black hole mergers were detected. In addition to highly significant gravitational-wave events, we also provide a list of marginal event candidates with an estimated false-alarm rate less than 1 per 30 days. From these results over the first two observing runs, which include approximately one gravitational-wave detection per 15 days of data searched, we infer merger rates at the 90% confidence intervals of 110-3840 Gpc-3 y-1 for binary neutron stars and 9.7-101 Gpc-3 y-1 for binary black holes assuming fixed population distributions and determine a neutron star-black hole merger rate 90% upper limit of 610 Gpc-3 y-1.

AB - We present the results from three gravitational-wave searches for coalescing compact binaries with component masses above 1 Ma™ during the first and second observing runs of the advanced gravitational-wave detector network. During the first observing run (O1), from September 12, 2015 to January 19, 2016, gravitational waves from three binary black hole mergers were detected. The second observing run (O2), which ran from November 30, 2016 to August 25, 2017, saw the first detection of gravitational waves from a binary neutron star inspiral, in addition to the observation of gravitational waves from a total of seven binary black hole mergers, four of which we report here for the first time: GW170729, GW170809, GW170818, and GW170823. For all significant gravitational-wave events, we provide estimates of the source properties. The detected binary black holes have total masses between 18.6-0.7+3.2 Mâ™ and 84.4-11.1+15.8 Mâ™ and range in distance between 320-110+120 and 2840-1360+1400 Mpc. No neutron star-black hole mergers were detected. In addition to highly significant gravitational-wave events, we also provide a list of marginal event candidates with an estimated false-alarm rate less than 1 per 30 days. From these results over the first two observing runs, which include approximately one gravitational-wave detection per 15 days of data searched, we infer merger rates at the 90% confidence intervals of 110-3840 Gpc-3 y-1 for binary neutron stars and 9.7-101 Gpc-3 y-1 for binary black holes assuming fixed population distributions and determine a neutron star-black hole merger rate 90% upper limit of 610 Gpc-3 y-1.

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85074412140

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85074412140#tab=citedBy

U2 - 10.1103/PhysRevX.9.031040

DO - 10.1103/PhysRevX.9.031040

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85074412140

SN - 2160-3308

VL - 9

SP - 1

EP - 49

JO - Physical Review X

JF - Physical Review X

IS - 3

M1 - 031040

ER -

GWTC-1: A gravitational-wave transient catalog of compact binary mergers observed by LIGO and Virgo during the first and second observing runs

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