Mechanisms of weed suppression by wheat genotypes

James M Mwendwa, William Brown, K M Shamsul Haque, Graeme Heath, Leslie Weston

Research output: Book chapter/Published conference paperConference paper

Abstract

Take home messages:
•Field trials were performed in 2014-15 as part of GRDC Projects UCS 00023, UCS 00022, and UCS 00020 “Weed Management in the Southern Region Mixed Farming Systems - Strategies to Combat Herbicide Resistance” to evaluate mechanisms of weed suppression in genetically diverse wheat genotypes, including competition for resources and allelopathy.•Replicated experiments were conducted with 12 wheat genotypes grown in both moderate to low rainfall zones at Wagga Wagga and Condobolin NSW, respectively.•Wheat and weed growth was monitored at 4 stages of growth in each location; early season (tillering), grain filling stages, crop maturity (at harvest) and postharvest. Shoot, roots, rhizoplane and bulk soil from each wheat cultivar were profiled for unique secondary plant products including weed suppressive allelochemicals.•Significant differences were observed among wheat cultivars with respect to early crop vigour, biomass, leaf area and canopy architecture and yield. Differences were also noted in visual weed suppression, weed count and weed biomass. Crop biomass and yield as well as weed count and biomass were both location and cultivar dependent.•Targeted metabolite analysis of benzoxazinoids (allelochemicals) using LC-MS/MS Qtrap mass spectrometry showed metabolite differences over time between wheat genotypes and growth stage. •Cultivar competitive traits are clearly influenced by both genotype and environmental factors, as shown by differences in cultivar performance among the two locations. Cultivars that performed well in terms of crop biomass, yield and weed suppression in both locations included Espada, Condo and to a lesser extent, Janz. •Additional methods development is now underway for use of LC/MS QToF mass spectrometry to profile allelochemicals among roots, shoots and rhizosphere soils of various cultivars. This will provide important physiological information regarding crop competitive traits and biosynthesis and activity of related allelochemicals that may be important in long-term weed suppression in crop.
Original languageEnglish
Title of host publicationThe Proceedings of the GRDC Grains Research Update
PublisherGrains Research and Development Corporation
Pages1-17
Number of pages17
Publication statusPublished - 2016
EventGRDC Grains Research Update (Wagga Wagga) - Charles Sturt University Convention Centre, Wagga Wagga, Australia
Duration: 16 Feb 201617 Feb 2016
https://web.archive.org/web/20160201165925/http://www.grdc.com.au/Media-Centre/Events/2016/02/GRDC-Grains-Research-Update-Wagga-Wagga (Archived event)

Conference

ConferenceGRDC Grains Research Update (Wagga Wagga)
Country/TerritoryAustralia
CityWagga Wagga
Period16/02/1617/02/16
OtherAn informative program showcasing the latest agronomic and grains industry issues of interest to grain advisers
Internet address

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