Medical imaging and radiation

X-rays or x-radiation have been used to aid diagnosis or to provide therapy for over a hundred years. Now a broad range of different imaging environments or modalities are used within a medical imaging department. These include conventional radiography, fluoroscopy, computed tomography (CT), radionuclide imaging (RNI), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound. Each environment can present potential hazards and challenges for patients and staff. This chapter will explore basic theory, legislation and practical considerations for the protection of patients and staff when working within medical imaging environments, or when working with patients who are radioactive after medical imaging procedures.