Multi-messenger observations of a binary neutron star merger

LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration; Fermi GBM; INTEGRAL; Icecube Collaboration; AstroSat Cadmium Zinc Telluride Imager Team; IPN Collaboration; The Insight-HXMT Collaboration; ANTARES Collaboration; The Swift Collaboration; AGILE Team; The 1M2H Team; The Dark Energy Camera GW-EM Collaboration and the DES Collaboration; DLT40 Collaboration; GRAWITA: GRAvitational Wave Inaf TeAm; The Fermi Large Area Telescope Collaboration; ATCA: Australia Telescope Compact Array; ASKAP: Australian SKA Pathfinder; Las Cumbres Observatory Collaboration; OzGrav, DWF (Deeper, Wider, Faster program), AST3, and CAASTRO Collaborations; The VINROUGE Collaboration; MASTER Collaboration; J-GEM; GROWTH, JAGWAR, Caltech-NRAO, TTU-NRAO, and NuSTAR Collaborations; Pan-STARRS; The MAXI Team; TZAC Consortium; KU Collaboration; Nordic Optical Telescope; ePESSTO; GROND; Texas Tech University; SALT Group; TOROS: Transient Robotic Observatory of the South Collaboration; The BOOTES Collaboration; MWA: Murchison Widefield Array; The CALET Collaboration; IKI-GW Follow-up Collaboration; H.E.S.S. Collaboration; LOFAR Collaboration; LWA: Long Wavelength Array; HAWC Collaboration; The Pierre Auger Collaboration; ALMA Collaboration; Euro VLBI Team; Pi of the Sky Collaboration; The Chandra Team at McGill University; DFN: Desert Fireball Network; ATLAS; High Time Resolution Universe Survey; RIMAS and RATIR; SKA South Africa/MeerKAT

doi:10.3847/2041-8213/aa91c9

Multi-messenger observations of a binary neutron star merger

LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration, Fermi GBM, INTEGRAL, Icecube Collaboration, AstroSat Cadmium Zinc Telluride Imager Team, IPN Collaboration, The Insight-HXMT Collaboration, ANTARES Collaboration, The Swift Collaboration, AGILE Team, The 1M2H Team, The Dark Energy Camera GW-EM Collaboration and the DES Collaboration, DLT40 Collaboration, GRAWITA: GRAvitational Wave Inaf TeAm, The Fermi Large Area Telescope Collaboration, ATCA: Australia Telescope Compact Array, ASKAP: Australian SKA Pathfinder, Las Cumbres Observatory Collaboration, OzGrav, DWF (Deeper, Wider, Faster program), AST3, and CAASTRO Collaborations, The VINROUGE CollaborationMASTER Collaboration, J-GEM, GROWTH, JAGWAR, Caltech-NRAO, TTU-NRAO, and NuSTAR Collaborations, Pan-STARRS, The MAXI Team, TZAC Consortium, KU Collaboration, Nordic Optical Telescope, ePESSTO, GROND, Texas Tech University, SALT Group, TOROS: Transient Robotic Observatory of the South Collaboration, The BOOTES Collaboration, MWA: Murchison Widefield Array, The CALET Collaboration, IKI-GW Follow-up Collaboration, H.E.S.S. Collaboration, LOFAR Collaboration, LWA: Long Wavelength Array, HAWC Collaboration, The Pierre Auger Collaboration, ALMA Collaboration, Euro VLBI Team, Pi of the Sky Collaboration, The Chandra Team at McGill University, DFN: Desert Fireball Network, ATLAS, High Time Resolution Universe Survey, RIMAS and RATIR, SKA South Africa/MeerKAT

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Abstract

On 2017 August 17 a binary neutron star coalescence candidate (later designated GW170817) with merger time 12:41:04 UTC was observed through gravitational waves by the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors. The Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor independently detected a gamma-ray burst (GRB 170817A) with a time delay of ~1.7 s with respect to the merger time. From the gravitational-wave signal, the source was initially localized to a sky region of 31 deg² at a luminosity distance of 40± ₈ ⁸ Mpc and with component masses consistent with neutron stars. The component masses were later measured to be in the range 0.86 to 2.26 M_☉. An extensive observing campaign was launched across the electromagnetic spectrum leading to the discovery of a bright optical transient (SSS17a, now with the IAU identification of AT 2017gfo) in NGC 4993 (at ~40 Mpc) less than 11 hours after the merger by the One-Meter, Two Hemisphere (1M2H) team using the 1 m Swope Telescope. The optical transient was independently detected by multiple teams within an hour. Subsequent observations targeted the object and its environment. Early ultraviolet observations revealed a blue transient that faded within 48 hours. Optical and infrared observations showed a redward evolution over ∼10 days. Following early non-detections, X-ray and radio emission were discovered at the transient's position ~9 and ~16 days, respectively, after the merger. Both the X-ray and radio emission likely arise from a physical process that is distinct from the one that generates the UV/optical/near-infrared emission. No ultra-high-energy gamma-rays and no neutrino candidates consistent with the source were found in follow-up searches. These observations support the hypothesis that GW170817 was produced by the merger of two neutron stars in NGC 4993 followed by a short gamma-ray burst (GRB 170817A) and a kilonova/macronova powered by the radioactive decay of r-process nuclei synthesized in the ejecta.

Original language	English
Article number	L12
Number of pages	59
Journal	Astrophysical Journal Letters
Volume	848
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aa91c9
Publication status	Published - 01 Jan 2017

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10.3847/2041-8213/aa91c9

103923925 Published articleFinal published version, 2.04 MBLicence: CC BY

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LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration, Fermi GBM, INTEGRAL, Icecube Collaboration, AstroSat Cadmium Zinc Telluride Imager Team, IPN Collaboration, The Insight-HXMT Collaboration, ANTARES Collaboration, The Swift Collaboration, AGILE Team, The 1M2H Team, The Dark Energy Camera GW-EM Collaboration and the DES Collaboration, DLT40 Collaboration, GRAWITA: GRAvitational Wave Inaf TeAm, The Fermi Large Area Telescope Collaboration, ATCA: Australia Telescope Compact Array, ASKAP: Australian SKA Pathfinder, Las Cumbres Observatory Collaboration, OzGrav, DWF (Deeper, Wider, Faster program), AST3, and CAASTRO Collaborations, ... SKA South Africa/MeerKAT (2017). Multi-messenger observations of a binary neutron star merger. Astrophysical Journal Letters, 848(2), Article L12. https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aa91c9

@article{e19a8ecdc0894b24b67edef6a3b048a7,

title = "Multi-messenger observations of a binary neutron star merger",

abstract = "On 2017 August 17 a binary neutron star coalescence candidate (later designated GW170817) with merger time 12:41:04 UTC was observed through gravitational waves by the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors. The Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor independently detected a gamma-ray burst (GRB 170817A) with a time delay of ~1.7 s with respect to the merger time. From the gravitational-wave signal, the source was initially localized to a sky region of 31 deg2 at a luminosity distance of 40± 8 8 Mpc and with component masses consistent with neutron stars. The component masses were later measured to be in the range 0.86 to 2.26 M☉. An extensive observing campaign was launched across the electromagnetic spectrum leading to the discovery of a bright optical transient (SSS17a, now with the IAU identification of AT 2017gfo) in NGC 4993 (at ~40 Mpc) less than 11 hours after the merger by the One-Meter, Two Hemisphere (1M2H) team using the 1 m Swope Telescope. The optical transient was independently detected by multiple teams within an hour. Subsequent observations targeted the object and its environment. Early ultraviolet observations revealed a blue transient that faded within 48 hours. Optical and infrared observations showed a redward evolution over ∼10 days. Following early non-detections, X-ray and radio emission were discovered at the transient's position ~9 and ~16 days, respectively, after the merger. Both the X-ray and radio emission likely arise from a physical process that is distinct from the one that generates the UV/optical/near-infrared emission. No ultra-high-energy gamma-rays and no neutrino candidates consistent with the source were found in follow-up searches. These observations support the hypothesis that GW170817 was produced by the merger of two neutron stars in NGC 4993 followed by a short gamma-ray burst (GRB 170817A) and a kilonova/macronova powered by the radioactive decay of r-process nuclei synthesized in the ejecta.",

keywords = "Gravitational waves, Stars: neutron",

author = "{LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration} and {Fermi GBM} and INTEGRAL and {Icecube Collaboration} and {AstroSat Cadmium Zinc Telluride Imager Team} and {IPN Collaboration} and {The Insight-HXMT Collaboration} and {ANTARES Collaboration} and {The Swift Collaboration} and {AGILE Team} and {The 1M2H Team} and {The Dark Energy Camera GW-EM Collaboration and the DES Collaboration} and {DLT40 Collaboration} and {GRAWITA: GRAvitational Wave Inaf TeAm} and {The Fermi Large Area Telescope Collaboration} and {ATCA: Australia Telescope Compact Array} and {ASKAP: Australian SKA Pathfinder} and {Las Cumbres Observatory Collaboration} and {OzGrav, DWF (Deeper, Wider, Faster program), AST3, and CAASTRO Collaborations} and {The VINROUGE Collaboration} and {MASTER Collaboration} and J-GEM and {GROWTH, JAGWAR, Caltech-NRAO, TTU-NRAO, and NuSTAR Collaborations} and Pan-STARRS and {The MAXI Team} and {TZAC Consortium} and {KU Collaboration} and {Nordic Optical Telescope} and ePESSTO and GROND and {Texas Tech University} and {SALT Group} and {TOROS: Transient Robotic Observatory of the South Collaboration} and {The BOOTES Collaboration} and {MWA: Murchison Widefield Array} and {The CALET Collaboration} and {IKI-GW Follow-up Collaboration} and {H.E.S.S. Collaboration} and {LOFAR Collaboration} and {LWA: Long Wavelength Array} and {HAWC Collaboration} and {The Pierre Auger Collaboration} and {ALMA Collaboration} and {Euro VLBI Team} and {Pi of the Sky Collaboration} and {The Chandra Team at McGill University} and {DFN: Desert Fireball Network} and ATLAS and {High Time Resolution Universe Survey} and {RIMAS and RATIR} and {SKA South Africa/MeerKAT} and Abbott, {B. P.} and R. Abbott and Abbott, {T. D.} and F. Acernese and K. Ackley and C. Adams and T. Adams and P. Addesso and Adhikari, {R. X.} and Adya, {V. B.} and C. Affeldt and M. Afrough and B. Agarwal and M. Agathos and K. Agatsuma and N. Aggarwal and Aguiar, {O. D.} and L. Aiello and A. Ain and P. Ajith and B. Allen and G. Allen and A. Allocca and Altin, {P. A.} and A. Amato and A. Ananyeva and Anderson, {S. B.} and Anderson, {W. G.} and Angelova, {S. V.} and S. Antier and S. Appert and K. Arai and Araya, {M. C.} and Areeda, {J. S.} and N. Arnaud and Arun, {K. G.} and S. Ascenzi and G. Ashton and M. Ast and Aston, {S. M.} and P. Astone and Atallah, {D. V.} and P. Aufmuth and C. Aulbert and K. AultONeal and C. Austin and A. Avila-Alvarez and S. Babak and P. Bacon and Bader, {M. K.M.} and S. Bae and Baker, {P. T.} and F. Baldaccini and G. Ballardin and Ballmer, {S. W.} and S. Banagiri and Barayoga, {J. C.} and Barclay, {S. E.} and Barish, {B. C.} and D. Barker and K. Barkett and F. Barone and B. Barr and L. Barsotti and M. Barsuglia and D. Barta and Barthelmy, {S. D.} and J. Bartlett and I. Bartos and R. Bassiri and A. Basti and Batch, {J. C.} and M. Bawaj and Bayley, {J. C.} and M. Bazzan and B. B{\'e}csy and C. Beer and M. Bejger and I. Belahcene and Bell, {A. S.} and Berger, {B. K.} and G. Bergmann and Bero, {J. J.} and Berry, {C. P.L.} and D. Bersanetti and A. Bertolini and J. Betzwieser and S. Bhagwat and R. Bhandare and Bilenko, {I. A.} and G. Billingsley and Billman, {C. R.} and J. Birch and R. Birney and O. Birnholtz and S. Biscans and S. Biscoveanu and A. Bisht and M. Bitossi and C. Biwer and Bizouard, {M. A.} and Blackburn, {J. K.} and J. Blackman and Blair, {C. D.} and Blair, {D. G.} and Blair, {R. M.} and S. Bloemen and O. Bock and N. Bode and M. Boer and G. Bogaert and A. Bohe and F. Bondu and E. Bonilla and R. Bonnand and Boom, {B. A.} and R. Bork and V. Boschi and S. Bose and K. Bossie and Y. Bouffanais and A. Bozzi and C. Bradaschia and Brady, {P. R.} and M. Branchesi and Brau, {J. E.} and T. Briant and A. Brillet and M. Brinkmann and V. Brisson and P. Brockill and Broida, {J. E.} and Brooks, {A. F.} and Brown, {D. A.} and Brown, {D. D.} and S. Brunett and Buchanan, {C. C.} and A. Buikema and T. Bulik and Bulten, {H. J.} and A. Buonanno and D. Buskulic and C. Buy and Byer, {R. L.} and M. Cabero and L. Cadonati and G. Cagnoli and C. Cahillane and {Calder{\'o}n Bustillo}, J. and Callister, {T. A.} and E. Calloni and Camp, {J. B.} and M. Canepa and P. Canizares and Cannon, {K. C.} and H. Cao and J. Cao and Capano, {C. D.} and E. Capocasa and F. Carbognani and S. Caride and Carney, {M. F.} and {Casanueva Diaz}, J. and C. Casentini and S. Caudill and M. Cavagli{\`a} and F. Cavalier and R. Cavalieri and G. Cella and Cepeda, {C. B.} and P. Cerd{\'a}-Dur{\'a}n and G. Cerretani and E. Cesarini and Chamberlin, {S. J.} and M. Chan and S. Chao and P. Charlton and E. Chase and E. Chassande-Mottin and D. Chatterjee and K. Chatziioannou and Cheeseboro, {B. D.} and Chen, {H. Y.} and X. Chen and Y. Chen and Cheng, {H. P.} and H. Chia and A. Chincarini and A. Chiummo and T. Chmiel and Cho, {H. S.} and M. Cho and Chow, {J. H.} and N. Christensen and Q. Chu and Chua, {A. J.K.} and S. Chua and Chung, {A. K.W.} and S. Chung and G. Ciani and R. Ciolfi and Cirelli, {C. E.} and A. Cirone and F. Clara and Clark, {J. A.} and P. Clearwater and F. Cleva and C. Cocchieri and E. Coccia and Cohadon, {P. F.} and D. Cohen and A. Colla and Collette, {C. G.} and Cominsky, {L. R.} and M. Constancio and L. Conti and Cooper, {S. J.} and P. Corban and Corbitt, {T. R.} and I. Cordero-Carri{\'o}n and Corley, {K. R.} and N. Cornish and A. Corsi and S. Cortese and Costa, {C. A.} and Coughlin, {M. W.} and Coughlin, {S. B.} and Coulon, {J. P.} and Countryman, {S. T.} and P. Couvares and Covas, {P. B.} and Cowan, {E. E.} and Coward, {D. M.} and Cowart, {M. J.} and Coyne, {D. C.} and R. Coyne and Creighton, {J. D.E.} and Creighton, {T. D.} and J. Cripe and Crowder, {S. G.} and Cullen, {T. J.} and A. Cumming and L. Cunningham and E. Cuoco and {Dal Canton}, T. and G. D{\'a}lya and Danilishin, {S. L.} and S. D'Antonio and K. Danzmann and A. Dasgupta",

note = "Includes bibliographical references.",

year = "2017",

month = jan,

day = "1",

doi = "10.3847/2041-8213/aa91c9",

language = "English",

volume = "848",

journal = "Astrophysical Journal Letters",

issn = "2041-8205",

publisher = "American Astronomical Society",

number = "2",

}

LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration, Fermi GBM, INTEGRAL, Icecube Collaboration, AstroSat Cadmium Zinc Telluride Imager Team, IPN Collaboration, The Insight-HXMT Collaboration, ANTARES Collaboration, The Swift Collaboration, AGILE Team, The 1M2H Team, The Dark Energy Camera GW-EM Collaboration and the DES Collaboration, DLT40 Collaboration, GRAWITA: GRAvitational Wave Inaf TeAm, The Fermi Large Area Telescope Collaboration, ATCA: Australia Telescope Compact Array, ASKAP: Australian SKA Pathfinder, Las Cumbres Observatory Collaboration, OzGrav, DWF (Deeper, Wider, Faster program), AST3, and CAASTRO Collaborations, The VINROUGE Collaboration, MASTER Collaboration, J-GEM, GROWTH, JAGWAR, Caltech-NRAO, TTU-NRAO, and NuSTAR Collaborations, Pan-STARRS, The MAXI Team, TZAC Consortium, KU Collaboration, Nordic Optical Telescope, ePESSTO, GROND, Texas Tech University, SALT Group, TOROS: Transient Robotic Observatory of the South Collaboration, The BOOTES Collaboration, MWA: Murchison Widefield Array, The CALET Collaboration, IKI-GW Follow-up Collaboration, H.E.S.S. Collaboration, LOFAR Collaboration, LWA: Long Wavelength Array, HAWC Collaboration, The Pierre Auger Collaboration, ALMA Collaboration, Euro VLBI Team, Pi of the Sky Collaboration, The Chandra Team at McGill University, DFN: Desert Fireball Network, ATLAS, High Time Resolution Universe Survey, RIMAS and RATIR & SKA South Africa/MeerKAT 2017, 'Multi-messenger observations of a binary neutron star merger', Astrophysical Journal Letters, vol. 848, no. 2, L12. https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aa91c9

TY - JOUR

T1 - Multi-messenger observations of a binary neutron star merger

AU - LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration

AU - Fermi GBM

AU - INTEGRAL

AU - Icecube Collaboration

AU - AstroSat Cadmium Zinc Telluride Imager Team

AU - IPN Collaboration

AU - The Insight-HXMT Collaboration

AU - ANTARES Collaboration

AU - The Swift Collaboration

AU - AGILE Team

AU - The 1M2H Team

AU - The Dark Energy Camera GW-EM Collaboration and the DES Collaboration

AU - DLT40 Collaboration

AU - GRAWITA: GRAvitational Wave Inaf TeAm

AU - The Fermi Large Area Telescope Collaboration

AU - ATCA: Australia Telescope Compact Array

AU - ASKAP: Australian SKA Pathfinder

AU - Las Cumbres Observatory Collaboration

AU - OzGrav, DWF (Deeper, Wider, Faster program), AST3, and CAASTRO Collaborations

AU - The VINROUGE Collaboration

AU - MASTER Collaboration

AU - J-GEM

AU - GROWTH, JAGWAR, Caltech-NRAO, TTU-NRAO, and NuSTAR Collaborations

AU - Pan-STARRS

AU - The MAXI Team

AU - TZAC Consortium

AU - KU Collaboration

AU - Nordic Optical Telescope

AU - ePESSTO

AU - GROND

AU - Texas Tech University

AU - SALT Group

AU - TOROS: Transient Robotic Observatory of the South Collaboration

AU - The BOOTES Collaboration

AU - MWA: Murchison Widefield Array

AU - The CALET Collaboration

AU - IKI-GW Follow-up Collaboration

AU - H.E.S.S. Collaboration

AU - LOFAR Collaboration

AU - LWA: Long Wavelength Array

AU - HAWC Collaboration

AU - The Pierre Auger Collaboration

AU - ALMA Collaboration

AU - Euro VLBI Team

AU - Pi of the Sky Collaboration

AU - The Chandra Team at McGill University

AU - DFN: Desert Fireball Network

AU - ATLAS

AU - High Time Resolution Universe Survey

AU - RIMAS and RATIR

AU - SKA South Africa/MeerKAT

AU - Abbott, B. P.

AU - Abbott, R.

AU - Abbott, T. D.

AU - Acernese, F.

AU - Ackley, K.

AU - Adams, C.

AU - Adams, T.

AU - Addesso, P.

AU - Adhikari, R. X.

AU - Adya, V. B.

AU - Affeldt, C.

AU - Afrough, M.

AU - Agarwal, B.

AU - Agathos, M.

AU - Agatsuma, K.

AU - Aggarwal, N.

AU - Aguiar, O. D.

AU - Aiello, L.

AU - Ain, A.

AU - Ajith, P.

AU - Allen, B.

AU - Allen, G.

AU - Allocca, A.

AU - Altin, P. A.

AU - Amato, A.

AU - Ananyeva, A.

AU - Anderson, S. B.

AU - Anderson, W. G.

AU - Angelova, S. V.

AU - Antier, S.

AU - Appert, S.

AU - Arai, K.

AU - Araya, M. C.

AU - Areeda, J. S.

AU - Arnaud, N.

AU - Arun, K. G.

AU - Ascenzi, S.

AU - Ashton, G.

AU - Ast, M.

AU - Aston, S. M.

AU - Astone, P.

AU - Atallah, D. V.

AU - Aufmuth, P.

AU - Aulbert, C.

AU - AultONeal, K.

AU - Austin, C.

AU - Avila-Alvarez, A.

AU - Babak, S.

AU - Bacon, P.

AU - Bader, M. K.M.

AU - Bae, S.

AU - Baker, P. T.

AU - Baldaccini, F.

AU - Ballardin, G.

AU - Ballmer, S. W.

AU - Banagiri, S.

AU - Barayoga, J. C.

AU - Barclay, S. E.

AU - Barish, B. C.

AU - Barker, D.

AU - Barkett, K.

AU - Barone, F.

AU - Barr, B.

AU - Barsotti, L.

AU - Barsuglia, M.

AU - Barta, D.

AU - Barthelmy, S. D.

AU - Bartlett, J.

AU - Bartos, I.

AU - Bassiri, R.

AU - Basti, A.

AU - Batch, J. C.

AU - Bawaj, M.

AU - Bayley, J. C.

AU - Bazzan, M.

AU - Bécsy, B.

AU - Beer, C.

AU - Bejger, M.

AU - Belahcene, I.

AU - Bell, A. S.

AU - Berger, B. K.

AU - Bergmann, G.

AU - Bero, J. J.

AU - Berry, C. P.L.

AU - Bersanetti, D.

AU - Bertolini, A.

AU - Betzwieser, J.

AU - Bhagwat, S.

AU - Bhandare, R.

AU - Bilenko, I. A.

AU - Billingsley, G.

AU - Billman, C. R.

AU - Birch, J.

AU - Birney, R.

AU - Birnholtz, O.

AU - Biscans, S.

AU - Biscoveanu, S.

AU - Bisht, A.

AU - Bitossi, M.

AU - Biwer, C.

AU - Bizouard, M. A.

AU - Blackburn, J. K.

AU - Blackman, J.

AU - Blair, C. D.

AU - Blair, D. G.

AU - Blair, R. M.

AU - Bloemen, S.

AU - Bock, O.

AU - Bode, N.

AU - Boer, M.

AU - Bogaert, G.

AU - Bohe, A.

AU - Bondu, F.

AU - Bonilla, E.

AU - Bonnand, R.

AU - Boom, B. A.

AU - Bork, R.

AU - Boschi, V.

AU - Bose, S.

AU - Bossie, K.

AU - Bouffanais, Y.

AU - Bozzi, A.

AU - Bradaschia, C.

AU - Brady, P. R.

AU - Branchesi, M.

AU - Brau, J. E.

AU - Briant, T.

AU - Brillet, A.

AU - Brinkmann, M.

AU - Brisson, V.

AU - Brockill, P.

AU - Broida, J. E.

AU - Brooks, A. F.

AU - Brown, D. A.

AU - Brown, D. D.

AU - Brunett, S.

AU - Buchanan, C. C.

AU - Buikema, A.

AU - Bulik, T.

AU - Bulten, H. J.

AU - Buonanno, A.

AU - Buskulic, D.

AU - Buy, C.

AU - Byer, R. L.

AU - Cabero, M.

AU - Cadonati, L.

AU - Cagnoli, G.

AU - Cahillane, C.

AU - Calderón Bustillo, J.

AU - Callister, T. A.

AU - Calloni, E.

AU - Camp, J. B.

AU - Canepa, M.

AU - Canizares, P.

AU - Cannon, K. C.

AU - Cao, H.

AU - Cao, J.

AU - Capano, C. D.

AU - Capocasa, E.

AU - Carbognani, F.

AU - Caride, S.

AU - Carney, M. F.

AU - Casanueva Diaz, J.

AU - Casentini, C.

AU - Caudill, S.

AU - Cavaglià, M.

AU - Cavalier, F.

AU - Cavalieri, R.

AU - Cella, G.

AU - Cepeda, C. B.

AU - Cerdá-Durán, P.

AU - Cerretani, G.

AU - Cesarini, E.

AU - Chamberlin, S. J.

AU - Chan, M.

AU - Chao, S.

AU - Charlton, P.

AU - Chase, E.

AU - Chassande-Mottin, E.

AU - Chatterjee, D.

AU - Chatziioannou, K.

AU - Cheeseboro, B. D.

AU - Chen, H. Y.

AU - Chen, X.

AU - Chen, Y.

AU - Cheng, H. P.

AU - Chia, H.

AU - Chincarini, A.

AU - Chiummo, A.

AU - Chmiel, T.

AU - Cho, H. S.

AU - Cho, M.

AU - Chow, J. H.

AU - Christensen, N.

AU - Chu, Q.

AU - Chua, A. J.K.

AU - Chua, S.

AU - Chung, A. K.W.

AU - Chung, S.

AU - Ciani, G.

AU - Ciolfi, R.

AU - Cirelli, C. E.

AU - Cirone, A.

AU - Clara, F.

AU - Clark, J. A.

AU - Clearwater, P.

AU - Cleva, F.

AU - Cocchieri, C.

AU - Coccia, E.

AU - Cohadon, P. F.

AU - Cohen, D.

AU - Colla, A.

AU - Collette, C. G.

AU - Cominsky, L. R.

AU - Constancio, M.

AU - Conti, L.

AU - Cooper, S. J.

AU - Corban, P.

AU - Corbitt, T. R.

AU - Cordero-Carrión, I.

AU - Corley, K. R.

AU - Cornish, N.

AU - Corsi, A.

AU - Cortese, S.

AU - Costa, C. A.

AU - Coughlin, M. W.

AU - Coughlin, S. B.

AU - Coulon, J. P.

AU - Countryman, S. T.

AU - Couvares, P.

AU - Covas, P. B.

AU - Cowan, E. E.

AU - Coward, D. M.

AU - Cowart, M. J.

AU - Coyne, D. C.

AU - Coyne, R.

AU - Creighton, J. D.E.

AU - Creighton, T. D.

AU - Cripe, J.

AU - Crowder, S. G.

AU - Cullen, T. J.

AU - Cumming, A.

AU - Cunningham, L.

AU - Cuoco, E.

AU - Dal Canton, T.

AU - Dálya, G.

AU - Danilishin, S. L.

AU - D'Antonio, S.

AU - Danzmann, K.

AU - Dasgupta, A.

N1 - Includes bibliographical references.

PY - 2017/1/1

Y1 - 2017/1/1

N2 - On 2017 August 17 a binary neutron star coalescence candidate (later designated GW170817) with merger time 12:41:04 UTC was observed through gravitational waves by the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors. The Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor independently detected a gamma-ray burst (GRB 170817A) with a time delay of ~1.7 s with respect to the merger time. From the gravitational-wave signal, the source was initially localized to a sky region of 31 deg2 at a luminosity distance of 40± 8 8 Mpc and with component masses consistent with neutron stars. The component masses were later measured to be in the range 0.86 to 2.26 M☉. An extensive observing campaign was launched across the electromagnetic spectrum leading to the discovery of a bright optical transient (SSS17a, now with the IAU identification of AT 2017gfo) in NGC 4993 (at ~40 Mpc) less than 11 hours after the merger by the One-Meter, Two Hemisphere (1M2H) team using the 1 m Swope Telescope. The optical transient was independently detected by multiple teams within an hour. Subsequent observations targeted the object and its environment. Early ultraviolet observations revealed a blue transient that faded within 48 hours. Optical and infrared observations showed a redward evolution over ∼10 days. Following early non-detections, X-ray and radio emission were discovered at the transient's position ~9 and ~16 days, respectively, after the merger. Both the X-ray and radio emission likely arise from a physical process that is distinct from the one that generates the UV/optical/near-infrared emission. No ultra-high-energy gamma-rays and no neutrino candidates consistent with the source were found in follow-up searches. These observations support the hypothesis that GW170817 was produced by the merger of two neutron stars in NGC 4993 followed by a short gamma-ray burst (GRB 170817A) and a kilonova/macronova powered by the radioactive decay of r-process nuclei synthesized in the ejecta.

AB - On 2017 August 17 a binary neutron star coalescence candidate (later designated GW170817) with merger time 12:41:04 UTC was observed through gravitational waves by the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors. The Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor independently detected a gamma-ray burst (GRB 170817A) with a time delay of ~1.7 s with respect to the merger time. From the gravitational-wave signal, the source was initially localized to a sky region of 31 deg2 at a luminosity distance of 40± 8 8 Mpc and with component masses consistent with neutron stars. The component masses were later measured to be in the range 0.86 to 2.26 M☉. An extensive observing campaign was launched across the electromagnetic spectrum leading to the discovery of a bright optical transient (SSS17a, now with the IAU identification of AT 2017gfo) in NGC 4993 (at ~40 Mpc) less than 11 hours after the merger by the One-Meter, Two Hemisphere (1M2H) team using the 1 m Swope Telescope. The optical transient was independently detected by multiple teams within an hour. Subsequent observations targeted the object and its environment. Early ultraviolet observations revealed a blue transient that faded within 48 hours. Optical and infrared observations showed a redward evolution over ∼10 days. Following early non-detections, X-ray and radio emission were discovered at the transient's position ~9 and ~16 days, respectively, after the merger. Both the X-ray and radio emission likely arise from a physical process that is distinct from the one that generates the UV/optical/near-infrared emission. No ultra-high-energy gamma-rays and no neutrino candidates consistent with the source were found in follow-up searches. These observations support the hypothesis that GW170817 was produced by the merger of two neutron stars in NGC 4993 followed by a short gamma-ray burst (GRB 170817A) and a kilonova/macronova powered by the radioactive decay of r-process nuclei synthesized in the ejecta.

KW - Gravitational waves

KW - Stars: neutron

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85037171677&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85037171677&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.3847/2041-8213/aa91c9

DO - 10.3847/2041-8213/aa91c9

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85037171677

SN - 2041-8205

VL - 848

JO - Astrophysical Journal Letters

JF - Astrophysical Journal Letters

IS - 2

M1 - L12

ER -

Multi-messenger observations of a binary neutron star merger

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