Search for anisotropic gravitational-wave backgrounds using data from Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo's first three observing runs

LIGO Scientific Collaboration

doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.104.022005

Search for anisotropic gravitational-wave backgrounds using data from Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo's first three observing runs

LIGO Scientific Collaboration

California Institute of Technology
Louisiana State University
The Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics
Salerno
Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo
Monash University
Christopher Newport University
LIGO Livingston Observatory
Australian National University
Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute)
Leibniz Universität Hannover
University of Cambridge
Friedrich Schiller Universität
University of Birmingham
Northwestern University
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais
Cardiff University
Gran Sasso Science Institute
Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso
INFN
Università di Pisa
Tata Institute of Fundamental Research
National Astronomical Observatory of Japan
California State University
University of Illinois
Complesso Universitario di Monte S.Angelo
Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1
University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee
University of Tokyo
University of Strathclyde
Università di Udine
Sezione di Trieste
Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University
Université de Paris
High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK)
Université Paris-Saclay
European Gravitational Observatory (EGO)
University of Florida
Hirosaki University
Columbia University in the City of New York
The Graduate University for Advanced Studies
Gran Sasso Science Institute
CNRS/IN2P3
Science Park
Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information
National Institute for Mathematical Sciences
INFN Sezione di Torino
Osaka University
University of Oregon
Syracuse University
University of Liege
University of Minnesota Twin Cities
Università Degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca
Sezione di Milano-Bicocca
INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera
LIGO Hanford Observatory
University of Barcelona
Dipartimento di Medicina, Chirurgia e Odontoiatria “Scuola Medica Salernitana"
University of Glasgow
LIGO, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics
Stanford University
INFN
Università di Perugia
University of Padua
Montana State University
Institute for Plasma Research India
Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center of the Polish Academy of Sciences
University of Sannio at Benevento
University of Adelaide
RRCAT
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Lomonosov Moscow State University
University of the West of Scotland
Bar-Ilan University
Università degli Studi di Urbino Carlo Bo
Sezione di Firenze
Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur
University of Western Australia
Università di Roma la Sapienza
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
Université Pierre et Marie Curie
University of Louvain
Astronomical Observatory Warsaw University
Vrije University Amsterdam
University of Maryland
Georgia Institute of Technology
Villanova University
Chinese University of Hong Kong
Stony Brook University
Flatiron Institute
NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center
Università degli Studi di Genova
Tsinghua University
Beijing Normal University
University of Melbourne
Università degli Studi di Sassari
Laboratori Nazionali Del Sud (LNS)
Università di Roma Tor Vergata
Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata
Utrecht University
University of Valencia
Rochester Institute of Technology
National Tsing Hua University
Fukuoka University
Tamkang University
University of Chicago
National Central University Taiwan
Academia Sinica, Institute Of Physics
Seoul National University
Pusan National University

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

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66 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

We report results from searches for anisotropic stochastic gravitational-wave backgrounds using data from the first three observing runs of the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors. For the first time, we include Virgo data in our analysis and run our search with a new efficient pipeline called pystoch on data folded over one sidereal day. We use gravitational-wave radiometry (broadband and narrow band) to produce sky maps of stochastic gravitational-wave backgrounds and to search for gravitational waves from point sources. A spherical harmonic decomposition method is employed to look for gravitational-wave emission from spatially-extended sources. Neither technique found evidence of gravitational-wave signals. Hence we derive 95% confidence-level upper limit sky maps on the gravitational-wave energy flux from broadband point sources, ranging from Fα,Θ<(0.013-7.6)×10-8 erg cm-2 s-1 Hz-1, and on the (normalized) gravitational-wave energy density spectrum from extended sources, ranging from ωα,Θ<(0.57-9.3)×10-9 sr-1, depending on direction (Θ) and spectral index (α). These limits improve upon previous limits by factors of 2.9-3.5. We also set 95% confidence level upper limits on the frequency-dependent strain amplitudes of quasimonochromatic gravitational waves coming from three interesting targets, Scorpius X-1, SN 1987A and the Galactic Center, with best upper limits range from h0<(1.7-2.1)×10-25, a factor of ≥2.0 improvement compared to previous stochastic radiometer searches.

Original language	English
Article number	022005
Pages (from-to)	1-24
Number of pages	24
Journal	Physical Review D
Volume	104
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.104.022005
Publication status	Published - 15 Jul 2021

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10.1103/PhysRevD.104.022005

156363325 Published articleFinal published version, 6.59 MB

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@article{6c0cb5e8c08846f0b4f4fd14a05295ae,

title = "Search for anisotropic gravitational-wave backgrounds using data from Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo's first three observing runs",

abstract = "We report results from searches for anisotropic stochastic gravitational-wave backgrounds using data from the first three observing runs of the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors. For the first time, we include Virgo data in our analysis and run our search with a new efficient pipeline called pystoch on data folded over one sidereal day. We use gravitational-wave radiometry (broadband and narrow band) to produce sky maps of stochastic gravitational-wave backgrounds and to search for gravitational waves from point sources. A spherical harmonic decomposition method is employed to look for gravitational-wave emission from spatially-extended sources. Neither technique found evidence of gravitational-wave signals. Hence we derive 95\% confidence-level upper limit sky maps on the gravitational-wave energy flux from broadband point sources, ranging from Fα,Θ<(0.013-7.6)×10-8 erg cm-2 s-1 Hz-1, and on the (normalized) gravitational-wave energy density spectrum from extended sources, ranging from ωα,Θ<(0.57-9.3)×10-9 sr-1, depending on direction (Θ) and spectral index (α). These limits improve upon previous limits by factors of 2.9-3.5. We also set 95\% confidence level upper limits on the frequency-dependent strain amplitudes of quasimonochromatic gravitational waves coming from three interesting targets, Scorpius X-1, SN 1987A and the Galactic Center, with best upper limits range from h0<(1.7-2.1)×10-25, a factor of ≥2.0 improvement compared to previous stochastic radiometer searches.",

author = "\{LIGO Scientific Collaboration\} and R. Abbott and Abbott, \{T. D.\} and S. Abraham and F. Acernese and K. Ackley and A. Adams and C. Adams and Adhikari, \{R. X.\} and Adya, \{V. B.\} and C. Affeldt and D. Agarwal and M. Agathos and K. Agatsuma and N. Aggarwal and Aguiar, \{O. D.\} and L. Aiello and A. Ain and P. Ajith and T. Akutsu and Aleman, \{K. M.\} and G. Allen and A. Allocca and Altin, \{P. A.\} and A. Amato and S. Anand and A. Ananyeva and Anderson, \{S. B.\} and Anderson, \{W. G.\} and M. Ando and Angelova, \{S. V.\} and S. Ansoldi and Antelis, \{J. M.\} and S. Antier and S. Appert and Koya Arai and Koji Arai and Y. Arai and S. Araki and A. Araya and Araya, \{M. C.\} and Areeda, \{J. S.\} and M. Ar{\`e}ne and N. Aritomi and N. Arnaud and Aronson, \{S. M.\} and H. Asada and Y. Asali and G. Ashton and Y. Aso and Aston, \{S. M.\} and P. Astone and F. Aubin and P. Aufmuth and K. Aultoneal and C. Austin and S. Babak and F. Badaracco and Bader, \{M. K.M.\} and S. Bae and Y. Bae and Baer, \{A. M.\} and S. Bagnasco and Y. Bai and L. Baiotti and J. Baird and R. Bajpai and M. Ball and G. Ballardin and Ballmer, \{S. W.\} and M. Bals and A. Balsamo and G. Baltus and S. Banagiri and D. Bankar and Bankar, \{R. S.\} and Barayoga, \{J. C.\} and C. Barbieri and Barish, \{B. C.\} and D. Barker and P. Barneo and F. Barone and B. Barr and L. Barsotti and M. Barsuglia and D. Barta and J. Bartlett and Barton, \{M. A.\} and I. Bartos and R. Bassiri and A. Basti and M. Bawaj and Bayley, \{J. C.\} and Baylor, \{A. C.\} and M. Bazzan and B. B{\'e}csy and Bedakihale, \{V. M.\} and M. Bejger and I. Belahcene and V. Benedetto and D. Beniwal and Benjamin, \{M. G.\} and Bennett, \{T. F.\} and Bentley, \{J. D.\} and M. Benyaala and F. Bergamin and Berger, \{B. K.\} and S. Bernuzzi and D. Bersanetti and A. Bertolini and J. Betzwieser and R. Bhandare and Bhandari, \{A. V.\} and D. Bhattacharjee and S. Bhaumik and J. Bidler and Bilenko, \{I. A.\} and G. Billingsley and R. Birney and O. Birnholtz and S. Biscans and M. Bischi and S. Biscoveanu and A. Bisht and B. Biswas and M. Bitossi and Bizouard, \{M. A.\} and Blackburn, \{J. K.\} and J. Blackman and Blair, \{C. D.\} and Blair, \{D. G.\} and Blair, \{R. M.\} and F. Bobba and N. Bode and M. Boer and G. Bogaert and M. Boldrini and F. Bondu and E. Bonilla and R. Bonnand and P. Booker and Boom, \{B. A.\} and R. Bork and V. Boschi and N. Bose and S. Bose and V. Bossilkov and V. Boudart and Y. Bouffanais and A. Bozzi and C. Bradaschia and Brady, \{P. R.\} and A. Bramley and A. Branch and M. Branchesi and Brau, \{J. E.\} and M. Breschi and T. Briant and Briggs, \{J. H.\} and A. Brillet and M. Brinkmann and P. Brockill and Brooks, \{A. F.\} and J. Brooks and Brown, \{D. D.\} and S. Brunett and G. Bruno and R. Bruntz and J. Bryant and A. Buikema and T. Bulik and Bulten, \{H. J.\} and A. Buonanno and R. Buscicchio and D. Buskulic and Byer, \{R. L.\} and L. Cadonati and M. Caesar and G. Cagnoli and C. Cahillane and Cain, \{Iii W.\} and Bustillo, \{J. Calder{\'o}n\} and Callaghan, \{J. D.\} and Callister, \{T. A.\} and E. Calloni and Camp, \{J. B.\} and M. Canepa and M. Cannavacciuolo and Cannon, \{K. C.\} and H. Cao and J. Cao and Z. Cao and E. Capocasa and E. Capote and G. Carapella and F. Carbognani and Carlin, \{J. B.\} and Carney, \{M. F.\} and M. Carpinelli and G. Carullo and Carver, \{T. L.\} and Diaz, \{J. Casanueva\} and C. Casentini and G. Castaldi and S. Caudill and M. Cavagli{\`a} and F. Cavalier and R. Cavalieri and G. Cella and P. Cerd{\'a}-Dur{\'a}n and E. Cesarini and W. Chaibi and K. Chakravarti and B. Champion and Chan, \{C. H.\} and Chan, \{C. L.\} and Chan, \{C. L.\} and M. Chan and K. Chandra and P. Chanial and S. Chao and P. Charlton and Chase, \{E. A.\} and E. Chassande-Mottin and D. Chatterjee and M. Chaturvedi and A. Chen and C. Chen and Chen, \{H. Y.\} and J. Chen and K. Chen and X. Chen and Chen, \{Y. B.\} and Chen, \{Y. R.\} and Z. Chen and H. Cheng and Cheong, \{C. K.\} and Cheung, \{H. Y.\} and Chia, \{H. Y.\} and F. Chiadini and Chiang, \{C. Y.\} and R. Chierici and A. Chincarini and Chiofalo, \{M. L.\} and A. Chiummo and G. Cho and Cho, \{H. S.\} and S. Choate and Choudhary, \{R. K.\} and S. Choudhary and N. Christensen",

year = "2021",

month = jul,

day = "15",

doi = "10.1103/PhysRevD.104.022005",

language = "English",

volume = "104",

pages = "1--24",

journal = "Physical Review D",

issn = "2470-0010",

publisher = "American Physical Society",

number = "2",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Search for anisotropic gravitational-wave backgrounds using data from Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo's first three observing runs

AU - LIGO Scientific Collaboration

AU - Abbott, R.

AU - Abbott, T. D.

AU - Abraham, S.

AU - Acernese, F.

AU - Ackley, K.

AU - Adams, A.

AU - Adams, C.

AU - Adhikari, R. X.

AU - Adya, V. B.

AU - Affeldt, C.

AU - Agarwal, D.

AU - Agathos, M.

AU - Agatsuma, K.

AU - Aggarwal, N.

AU - Aguiar, O. D.

AU - Aiello, L.

AU - Ain, A.

AU - Ajith, P.

AU - Akutsu, T.

AU - Aleman, K. M.

AU - Allen, G.

AU - Allocca, A.

AU - Altin, P. A.

AU - Amato, A.

AU - Anand, S.

AU - Ananyeva, A.

AU - Anderson, S. B.

AU - Anderson, W. G.

AU - Ando, M.

AU - Angelova, S. V.

AU - Ansoldi, S.

AU - Antelis, J. M.

AU - Antier, S.

AU - Appert, S.

AU - Arai, Koya

AU - Arai, Koji

AU - Arai, Y.

AU - Araki, S.

AU - Araya, A.

AU - Araya, M. C.

AU - Areeda, J. S.

AU - Arène, M.

AU - Aritomi, N.

AU - Arnaud, N.

AU - Aronson, S. M.

AU - Asada, H.

AU - Asali, Y.

AU - Ashton, G.

AU - Aso, Y.

AU - Aston, S. M.

AU - Astone, P.

AU - Aubin, F.

AU - Aufmuth, P.

AU - Aultoneal, K.

AU - Austin, C.

AU - Babak, S.

AU - Badaracco, F.

AU - Bader, M. K.M.

AU - Bae, S.

AU - Bae, Y.

AU - Baer, A. M.

AU - Bagnasco, S.

AU - Bai, Y.

AU - Baiotti, L.

AU - Baird, J.

AU - Bajpai, R.

AU - Ball, M.

AU - Ballardin, G.

AU - Ballmer, S. W.

AU - Bals, M.

AU - Balsamo, A.

AU - Baltus, G.

AU - Banagiri, S.

AU - Bankar, D.

AU - Bankar, R. S.

AU - Barayoga, J. C.

AU - Barbieri, C.

AU - Barish, B. C.

AU - Barker, D.

AU - Barneo, P.

AU - Barone, F.

AU - Barr, B.

AU - Barsotti, L.

AU - Barsuglia, M.

AU - Barta, D.

AU - Bartlett, J.

AU - Barton, M. A.

AU - Bartos, I.

AU - Bassiri, R.

AU - Basti, A.

AU - Bawaj, M.

AU - Bayley, J. C.

AU - Baylor, A. C.

AU - Bazzan, M.

AU - Bécsy, B.

AU - Bedakihale, V. M.

AU - Bejger, M.

AU - Belahcene, I.

AU - Benedetto, V.

AU - Beniwal, D.

AU - Benjamin, M. G.

AU - Bennett, T. F.

AU - Bentley, J. D.

AU - Benyaala, M.

AU - Bergamin, F.

AU - Berger, B. K.

AU - Bernuzzi, S.

AU - Bersanetti, D.

AU - Bertolini, A.

AU - Betzwieser, J.

AU - Bhandare, R.

AU - Bhandari, A. V.

AU - Bhattacharjee, D.

AU - Bhaumik, S.

AU - Bidler, J.

AU - Bilenko, I. A.

AU - Billingsley, G.

AU - Birney, R.

AU - Birnholtz, O.

AU - Biscans, S.

AU - Bischi, M.

AU - Biscoveanu, S.

AU - Bisht, A.

AU - Biswas, B.

AU - Bitossi, M.

AU - Bizouard, M. A.

AU - Blackburn, J. K.

AU - Blackman, J.

AU - Blair, C. D.

AU - Blair, D. G.

AU - Blair, R. M.

AU - Bobba, F.

AU - Bode, N.

AU - Boer, M.

AU - Bogaert, G.

AU - Boldrini, M.

AU - Bondu, F.

AU - Bonilla, E.

AU - Bonnand, R.

AU - Booker, P.

AU - Boom, B. A.

AU - Bork, R.

AU - Boschi, V.

AU - Bose, N.

AU - Bose, S.

AU - Bossilkov, V.

AU - Boudart, V.

AU - Bouffanais, Y.

AU - Bozzi, A.

AU - Bradaschia, C.

AU - Brady, P. R.

AU - Bramley, A.

AU - Branch, A.

AU - Branchesi, M.

AU - Brau, J. E.

AU - Breschi, M.

AU - Briant, T.

AU - Briggs, J. H.

AU - Brillet, A.

AU - Brinkmann, M.

AU - Brockill, P.

AU - Brooks, A. F.

AU - Brooks, J.

AU - Brown, D. D.

AU - Brunett, S.

AU - Bruno, G.

AU - Bruntz, R.

AU - Bryant, J.

AU - Buikema, A.

AU - Bulik, T.

AU - Bulten, H. J.

AU - Buonanno, A.

AU - Buscicchio, R.

AU - Buskulic, D.

AU - Byer, R. L.

AU - Cadonati, L.

AU - Caesar, M.

AU - Cagnoli, G.

AU - Cahillane, C.

AU - Cain, Iii W.

AU - Bustillo, J. Calderón

AU - Callaghan, J. D.

AU - Callister, T. A.

AU - Calloni, E.

AU - Camp, J. B.

AU - Canepa, M.

AU - Cannavacciuolo, M.

AU - Cannon, K. C.

AU - Cao, H.

AU - Cao, J.

AU - Cao, Z.

AU - Capocasa, E.

AU - Capote, E.

AU - Carapella, G.

AU - Carbognani, F.

AU - Carlin, J. B.

AU - Carney, M. F.

AU - Carpinelli, M.

AU - Carullo, G.

AU - Carver, T. L.

AU - Diaz, J. Casanueva

AU - Casentini, C.

AU - Castaldi, G.

AU - Caudill, S.

AU - Cavaglià, M.

AU - Cavalier, F.

AU - Cavalieri, R.

AU - Cella, G.

AU - Cerdá-Durán, P.

AU - Cesarini, E.

AU - Chaibi, W.

AU - Chakravarti, K.

AU - Champion, B.

AU - Chan, C. H.

AU - Chan, C. L.

AU - Chan, M.

AU - Chandra, K.

AU - Chanial, P.

AU - Chao, S.

AU - Charlton, P.

AU - Chase, E. A.

AU - Chassande-Mottin, E.

AU - Chatterjee, D.

AU - Chaturvedi, M.

AU - Chen, A.

AU - Chen, C.

AU - Chen, H. Y.

AU - Chen, J.

AU - Chen, K.

AU - Chen, X.

AU - Chen, Y. B.

AU - Chen, Y. R.

AU - Chen, Z.

AU - Cheng, H.

AU - Cheong, C. K.

AU - Cheung, H. Y.

AU - Chia, H. Y.

AU - Chiadini, F.

AU - Chiang, C. Y.

AU - Chierici, R.

AU - Chincarini, A.

AU - Chiofalo, M. L.

AU - Chiummo, A.

AU - Cho, G.

AU - Cho, H. S.

AU - Choate, S.

AU - Choudhary, R. K.

AU - Choudhary, S.

AU - Christensen, N.

PY - 2021/7/15

Y1 - 2021/7/15

N2 - We report results from searches for anisotropic stochastic gravitational-wave backgrounds using data from the first three observing runs of the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors. For the first time, we include Virgo data in our analysis and run our search with a new efficient pipeline called pystoch on data folded over one sidereal day. We use gravitational-wave radiometry (broadband and narrow band) to produce sky maps of stochastic gravitational-wave backgrounds and to search for gravitational waves from point sources. A spherical harmonic decomposition method is employed to look for gravitational-wave emission from spatially-extended sources. Neither technique found evidence of gravitational-wave signals. Hence we derive 95% confidence-level upper limit sky maps on the gravitational-wave energy flux from broadband point sources, ranging from Fα,Θ<(0.013-7.6)×10-8 erg cm-2 s-1 Hz-1, and on the (normalized) gravitational-wave energy density spectrum from extended sources, ranging from ωα,Θ<(0.57-9.3)×10-9 sr-1, depending on direction (Θ) and spectral index (α). These limits improve upon previous limits by factors of 2.9-3.5. We also set 95% confidence level upper limits on the frequency-dependent strain amplitudes of quasimonochromatic gravitational waves coming from three interesting targets, Scorpius X-1, SN 1987A and the Galactic Center, with best upper limits range from h0<(1.7-2.1)×10-25, a factor of ≥2.0 improvement compared to previous stochastic radiometer searches.

AB - We report results from searches for anisotropic stochastic gravitational-wave backgrounds using data from the first three observing runs of the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors. For the first time, we include Virgo data in our analysis and run our search with a new efficient pipeline called pystoch on data folded over one sidereal day. We use gravitational-wave radiometry (broadband and narrow band) to produce sky maps of stochastic gravitational-wave backgrounds and to search for gravitational waves from point sources. A spherical harmonic decomposition method is employed to look for gravitational-wave emission from spatially-extended sources. Neither technique found evidence of gravitational-wave signals. Hence we derive 95% confidence-level upper limit sky maps on the gravitational-wave energy flux from broadband point sources, ranging from Fα,Θ<(0.013-7.6)×10-8 erg cm-2 s-1 Hz-1, and on the (normalized) gravitational-wave energy density spectrum from extended sources, ranging from ωα,Θ<(0.57-9.3)×10-9 sr-1, depending on direction (Θ) and spectral index (α). These limits improve upon previous limits by factors of 2.9-3.5. We also set 95% confidence level upper limits on the frequency-dependent strain amplitudes of quasimonochromatic gravitational waves coming from three interesting targets, Scorpius X-1, SN 1987A and the Galactic Center, with best upper limits range from h0<(1.7-2.1)×10-25, a factor of ≥2.0 improvement compared to previous stochastic radiometer searches.

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85113349296

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85113349296#tab=citedBy

U2 - 10.1103/PhysRevD.104.022005

DO - 10.1103/PhysRevD.104.022005

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85113349296

SN - 2470-0010

VL - 104

SP - 1

EP - 24

JO - Physical Review D

JF - Physical Review D

IS - 2

M1 - 022005

ER -

Search for anisotropic gravitational-wave backgrounds using data from Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo's first three observing runs

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