TY - JOUR
T1 - Systemic administration of ß2-adrenoceptor agonists, formoterol and salmeterol, elicit skeletal muscle hypertrophy in rats at micromolar doses.
AU - Ryall, James
AU - Sillence, Martin
AU - Lynch, Gordon
N1 - Imported on 12 Apr 2017 - DigiTool details were: Journal title (773t) = British Journal of Pharmacology. ISSNs: 0007-1188;
PY - 2006
Y1 - 2006
N2 - ß2-Adrenoceptor agonists provide a potential therapy for muscle wasting and weakness, but their use may be limited by adverse effects on the heart, mediated in part, by ß1-adrenoceptor activation. * Two ß2-agonists, formoterol and salmeterol, are approved for treating asthma and have an extended duration of action and increased safety, associated with greater ß2-adrenoceptor selectivity. * The pharmacological profiles of formoterol and salmeterol and their effects on skeletal and cardiac muscle mass were investigated in 12-week-old, male F344 rats. Formoterol and salmeterol were each administered via daily i.p. injection at one of seven doses (ranging from 1 to 2000 'g kg'1 day'1), for 4 weeks. Rats were anaesthetised and the EDL and soleus muscles and the heart were excised and weighed. Dose'response curves were constructed based on skeletal and cardiac muscle hypertrophy. * Formoterol was more potent than salmeterol, with a significantly lower ED50 in EDL muscles (1 and 130 'g kg'1 day'1, P <0.05), whereas salmeterol had greater intrinsic activity than formoterol in both EDL and soleus muscles (12% greater hypertrophy than formoterol). The drugs had similar potency and intrinsic activity in the heart, with a smaller leftward shift for formoterol than seen in skeletal muscle. A dose of 25 'g kg'1 day'1 of formoterol elicited greater EDL and soleus hypertrophy than salmeterol, but resulted in similar ß-adrenoceptor downregulation. * These results show that doses as low as 1 'g kg'1 day'1 of formoterol can elicit significant muscle hypertrophy with minimal cardiac hypertrophy and provide important information regarding the potential therapeutic use of formoterol and salmeterol for muscle wasting.
AB - ß2-Adrenoceptor agonists provide a potential therapy for muscle wasting and weakness, but their use may be limited by adverse effects on the heart, mediated in part, by ß1-adrenoceptor activation. * Two ß2-agonists, formoterol and salmeterol, are approved for treating asthma and have an extended duration of action and increased safety, associated with greater ß2-adrenoceptor selectivity. * The pharmacological profiles of formoterol and salmeterol and their effects on skeletal and cardiac muscle mass were investigated in 12-week-old, male F344 rats. Formoterol and salmeterol were each administered via daily i.p. injection at one of seven doses (ranging from 1 to 2000 'g kg'1 day'1), for 4 weeks. Rats were anaesthetised and the EDL and soleus muscles and the heart were excised and weighed. Dose'response curves were constructed based on skeletal and cardiac muscle hypertrophy. * Formoterol was more potent than salmeterol, with a significantly lower ED50 in EDL muscles (1 and 130 'g kg'1 day'1, P <0.05), whereas salmeterol had greater intrinsic activity than formoterol in both EDL and soleus muscles (12% greater hypertrophy than formoterol). The drugs had similar potency and intrinsic activity in the heart, with a smaller leftward shift for formoterol than seen in skeletal muscle. A dose of 25 'g kg'1 day'1 of formoterol elicited greater EDL and soleus hypertrophy than salmeterol, but resulted in similar ß-adrenoceptor downregulation. * These results show that doses as low as 1 'g kg'1 day'1 of formoterol can elicit significant muscle hypertrophy with minimal cardiac hypertrophy and provide important information regarding the potential therapeutic use of formoterol and salmeterol for muscle wasting.
U2 - 10.1038/sj.bjp.0706669
DO - 10.1038/sj.bjp.0706669
M3 - Article
SN - 0007-1188
VL - 147
SP - 587
EP - 595
JO - British Journal of Pharmacology
JF - British Journal of Pharmacology
IS - 6
ER -