Validating gravitational-wave detections: The advanced LIGO hardware injection system

C. Biwer; D. Barker; J. C. Batch; J. Betzwieser; R. P. Fisher; E. Goetz; S. Kandhasamy; S. Karki; J. S. Kissel; A. P. Lundgren; D. M. Macleod; A. Mullavey; K. Riles; J. G. Rollins; K. A. Thorne; E. Thrane; T. D. Abbott; B. Allen; D. A. Brown; P. Charlton; S. G. Crowder; P. Fritschel; J. B. Kanner; M. Landry; C. Lazzaro; M. Millhouse; M. Pitkin; R. L. Savage; P. Shawhan; D. H. Shoemaker; J. R. Smith; L. Sun; J. Veitch; S. Vitale; A. J. Weinstein; N. Cornish; R. C. Essick; M. Fays; E. Katsavounidis; J. Lange; T. B. Littenberg; R. Lynch; P. M. Meyers; F. Pannarale; R. Prix; R. O'Shaughnessy; D. Sigg

doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.95.062002

Validating gravitational-wave detections: The advanced LIGO hardware injection system

C. Biwer, D. Barker, J. C. Batch, J. Betzwieser, R. P. Fisher, E. Goetz, S. Kandhasamy, S. Karki, J. S. Kissel, A. P. Lundgren, D. M. Macleod, A. Mullavey, K. Riles, J. G. Rollins, K. A. Thorne, E. Thrane, T. D. Abbott, B. Allen, D. A. Brown, P. CharltonS. G. Crowder, P. Fritschel, J. B. Kanner, M. Landry, C. Lazzaro, M. Millhouse, M. Pitkin, R. L. Savage, P. Shawhan, D. H. Shoemaker, J. R. Smith, L. Sun, J. Veitch, S. Vitale, A. J. Weinstein, N. Cornish, R. C. Essick, M. Fays, E. Katsavounidis, J. Lange, T. B. Littenberg, R. Lynch, P. M. Meyers, F. Pannarale, R. Prix, R. O'Shaughnessy, D. Sigg

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Abstract

Hardware injections are simulated gravitational-wave signals added to the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (LIGO). The detectors' test masses are physically displaced by an actuator in order to simulate the effects of a gravitational wave. The simulated signal initiates a control-system response which mimics that of a true gravitational wave. This provides an end-to-end test of LIGO's ability to observe gravitational waves. The gravitational-wave analyses used to detect and characterize signals are exercised with hardware injections. By looking for discrepancies between the injected and recovered signals, we are able to characterize the performance of analyses and the coupling of instrumental subsystems to the detectors' output channels. This paper describes the hardware injection system and the recovery of injected signals representing binary black hole mergers, a stochastic gravitational wave background, spinning neutron stars, and sine-Gaussians.

Original language	English
Article number	062002
Pages (from-to)	1-16
Number of pages	16
Journal	Physical Review D: covering particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology
Volume	95
Issue number	6
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.95.062002
Publication status	Published - 27 Mar 2017

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Biwer, C., Barker, D., Batch, J. C., Betzwieser, J., Fisher, R. P., Goetz, E., Kandhasamy, S., Karki, S., Kissel, J. S., Lundgren, A. P., Macleod, D. M., Mullavey, A., Riles, K., Rollins, J. G., Thorne, K. A., Thrane, E., Abbott, T. D., Allen, B., Brown, D. A., ... Sigg, D. (2017). Validating gravitational-wave detections: The advanced LIGO hardware injection system. Physical Review D: covering particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology, 95(6), 1-16. Article 062002. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.95.062002

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title = "Validating gravitational-wave detections: The advanced LIGO hardware injection system",

abstract = "Hardware injections are simulated gravitational-wave signals added to the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (LIGO). The detectors' test masses are physically displaced by an actuator in order to simulate the effects of a gravitational wave. The simulated signal initiates a control-system response which mimics that of a true gravitational wave. This provides an end-to-end test of LIGO's ability to observe gravitational waves. The gravitational-wave analyses used to detect and characterize signals are exercised with hardware injections. By looking for discrepancies between the injected and recovered signals, we are able to characterize the performance of analyses and the coupling of instrumental subsystems to the detectors' output channels. This paper describes the hardware injection system and the recovery of injected signals representing binary black hole mergers, a stochastic gravitational wave background, spinning neutron stars, and sine-Gaussians.",

keywords = "Gravitational wave detection, Gravitational waves",

author = "C. Biwer and D. Barker and Batch, {J. C.} and J. Betzwieser and Fisher, {R. P.} and E. Goetz and S. Kandhasamy and S. Karki and Kissel, {J. S.} and Lundgren, {A. P.} and Macleod, {D. M.} and A. Mullavey and K. Riles and Rollins, {J. G.} and Thorne, {K. A.} and E. Thrane and Abbott, {T. D.} and B. Allen and Brown, {D. A.} and P. Charlton and Crowder, {S. G.} and P. Fritschel and Kanner, {J. B.} and M. Landry and C. Lazzaro and M. Millhouse and M. Pitkin and Savage, {R. L.} and P. Shawhan and Shoemaker, {D. H.} and Smith, {J. R.} and L. Sun and J. Veitch and S. Vitale and Weinstein, {A. J.} and N. Cornish and Essick, {R. C.} and M. Fays and E. Katsavounidis and J. Lange and Littenberg, {T. B.} and R. Lynch and Meyers, {P. M.} and F. Pannarale and R. Prix and R. O'Shaughnessy and D. Sigg",

note = "Includes bibliographical references",

year = "2017",

month = mar,

day = "27",

doi = "10.1103/PhysRevD.95.062002",

language = "English",

volume = "95",

pages = "1--16",

journal = "Physical Review D: covering particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology",

issn = "2470-0029",

publisher = "AMER PHYSICAL SOC",

number = "6",

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Biwer, C, Barker, D, Batch, JC, Betzwieser, J, Fisher, RP, Goetz, E, Kandhasamy, S, Karki, S, Kissel, JS, Lundgren, AP, Macleod, DM, Mullavey, A, Riles, K, Rollins, JG, Thorne, KA, Thrane, E, Abbott, TD, Allen, B, Brown, DA, Charlton, P, Crowder, SG, Fritschel, P, Kanner, JB, Landry, M, Lazzaro, C, Millhouse, M, Pitkin, M, Savage, RL, Shawhan, P, Shoemaker, DH, Smith, JR, Sun, L, Veitch, J, Vitale, S, Weinstein, AJ, Cornish, N, Essick, RC, Fays, M, Katsavounidis, E, Lange, J, Littenberg, TB, Lynch, R, Meyers, PM, Pannarale, F, Prix, R, O'Shaughnessy, R & Sigg, D 2017, 'Validating gravitational-wave detections: The advanced LIGO hardware injection system', Physical Review D: covering particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology, vol. 95, no. 6, 062002, pp. 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.95.062002

TY - JOUR

T1 - Validating gravitational-wave detections

T2 - The advanced LIGO hardware injection system

AU - Biwer, C.

AU - Barker, D.

AU - Batch, J. C.

AU - Betzwieser, J.

AU - Fisher, R. P.

AU - Goetz, E.

AU - Kandhasamy, S.

AU - Karki, S.

AU - Kissel, J. S.

AU - Lundgren, A. P.

AU - Macleod, D. M.

AU - Mullavey, A.

AU - Riles, K.

AU - Rollins, J. G.

AU - Thorne, K. A.

AU - Thrane, E.

AU - Abbott, T. D.

AU - Allen, B.

AU - Brown, D. A.

AU - Charlton, P.

AU - Crowder, S. G.

AU - Fritschel, P.

AU - Kanner, J. B.

AU - Landry, M.

AU - Lazzaro, C.

AU - Millhouse, M.

AU - Pitkin, M.

AU - Savage, R. L.

AU - Shawhan, P.

AU - Shoemaker, D. H.

AU - Smith, J. R.

AU - Sun, L.

AU - Veitch, J.

AU - Vitale, S.

AU - Weinstein, A. J.

AU - Cornish, N.

AU - Essick, R. C.

AU - Fays, M.

AU - Katsavounidis, E.

AU - Lange, J.

AU - Littenberg, T. B.

AU - Lynch, R.

AU - Meyers, P. M.

AU - Pannarale, F.

AU - Prix, R.

AU - O'Shaughnessy, R.

AU - Sigg, D.

N1 - Includes bibliographical references

PY - 2017/3/27

Y1 - 2017/3/27

N2 - Hardware injections are simulated gravitational-wave signals added to the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (LIGO). The detectors' test masses are physically displaced by an actuator in order to simulate the effects of a gravitational wave. The simulated signal initiates a control-system response which mimics that of a true gravitational wave. This provides an end-to-end test of LIGO's ability to observe gravitational waves. The gravitational-wave analyses used to detect and characterize signals are exercised with hardware injections. By looking for discrepancies between the injected and recovered signals, we are able to characterize the performance of analyses and the coupling of instrumental subsystems to the detectors' output channels. This paper describes the hardware injection system and the recovery of injected signals representing binary black hole mergers, a stochastic gravitational wave background, spinning neutron stars, and sine-Gaussians.

AB - Hardware injections are simulated gravitational-wave signals added to the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (LIGO). The detectors' test masses are physically displaced by an actuator in order to simulate the effects of a gravitational wave. The simulated signal initiates a control-system response which mimics that of a true gravitational wave. This provides an end-to-end test of LIGO's ability to observe gravitational waves. The gravitational-wave analyses used to detect and characterize signals are exercised with hardware injections. By looking for discrepancies between the injected and recovered signals, we are able to characterize the performance of analyses and the coupling of instrumental subsystems to the detectors' output channels. This paper describes the hardware injection system and the recovery of injected signals representing binary black hole mergers, a stochastic gravitational wave background, spinning neutron stars, and sine-Gaussians.

KW - Gravitational wave detection

KW - Gravitational waves

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85022331040&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85022331040&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1103/PhysRevD.95.062002

DO - 10.1103/PhysRevD.95.062002

M3 - Article

SN - 2470-0029

SN - 2470-0010

SN - 1550-2368

VL - 95

SP - 1

EP - 16

JO - Physical Review D: covering particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology

JF - Physical Review D: covering particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology

IS - 6

M1 - 062002

ER -

Validating gravitational-wave detections: The advanced LIGO hardware injection system

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